Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 53, No. 3, 363-389 (2009)
A New Stress-Based Model of Political Extremism
Personal Exposure to Terrorism, Psychological Distress, and Exclusionist Political Attitudes
Daphna Canetti-Nisim
Department of Psychology University of Maryland, College Park
Eran Halperin
Department of Psychology Stanford University, Stanford
Keren Sharvit
Department of Psychology University of Maryland, Baltimore
Stevan E. Hobfoll
Department of Behavioral Sciences Rush University Medical Center, Chicago
Does exposure to terrorism lead to hostility toward minorities? Drawing on theories from clinical and social psychology, we propose a stress-based model of political extremism in which psychological distress—which is largely overlooked in political scholarship—and threat perceptions mediate the relationship between exposure to terrorism and attitudes toward minorities. To test the model, a representative sample of 469 Israeli Jewish respondents was interviewed on three occasions at six-month intervals. Structural Equation Modeling indicated that exposure to terrorism predicted psychological distress (t1), which predicted perceived threat from Palestinian citizens of Israel (t2), which, in turn, predicted exclusionist attitudes toward Palestinian citizens of Israel (t3). These findings provide solid evidence and a mechanism for the hypothesis that terrorism introduces nondemocratic attitudes threatening minority rights. It suggests that psychological distress plays an important role in political decision making and should be incorporated in models drawing upon political psychology.
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20 comments:
Let me get this straight!
Weren't the killers of the Stern Gang
and the Irgun the first Terrorists in the middle east?
The Bombing of the King David Hotel, the murder of Count Bernadotte and other british and international politicians, not to forget the countless acts of terror against the native populations of hundreds of town and villages were JEWISH CRIMES.
But you surely lack the courage to
face these well-documented facts.
To even discuss this on your pathetic blog requires a greatness
in character and a desire for truth you constantly fail to display. Grow a spine!
Dear Mr. F. Wagner,
I am quite courageous. Are you?
You wrote: "the first Terrorists in the middle east"
I presume you mean in Palestine/Land of Israel, yes? Otherwise, -
"One day in the summer of 1125, as he was leaving the great mosque of the Aleppo after the midday prayer, a man disguised as an ascetic leapt upon him and sunk a dagger into his chest. It was an act of revenge by the Assassins, Ibn al-Khashâb had been the sect's most intransigent opponent, has spilled buckets of its adherents' blood, and had never repented of his actions. He must have know that some day he would pay with his life. For a third of a century, no enemy of the Assassins had ever managed to elude them.
This sect, the most terrifying every seen, had been founded in 1090 (C.E) by a man of immense culture, a devotee of poetry profoundly interested in the latest advances of science. Hasan ibn al-Sabbâh was born around 1048 in the city of Rayy, close by the site where the town of Tehran would be founded a dozen years later."
and more here and other places.
But let's get back to the Mandate. Who killed Jews in riots in Jerusalem in 1920? hereIn Jaffa in 1921? hereMore here.
And in Hebron in 1929? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1929_Palestine_riots
And who killed over 500 Jews in a three-year reign of terror as well as dozens of Brits between 1936-1939? hereIs this enough for you?
And I don't deny Jewish counter-terror.
Now, where's your spine?
How lame is this? To quote zionist-controlled wikipedia as an
independent source for twisting a few legitimate reponses to jewish landtheft and fraud (makes me wonder
how many natives had been madoffed) into acts of terror and even name an obscure sect from 1090 just doesn't cut it.
I would recommend a book to you by a certain Ariel Toaff about jewish ritual murder if you really want to elaborate on the evils of religious sects.
At least these Moslem assassins didn't ritually murder Christian children over hundreds of years in the most cruel and demented ways.
To seriously present the ongoing crimes against humanity and the forceful expulsion of hundreds of thousands
of Palestinians by the most wicked and evil ways (murder,rape,pillaging,well-poisoning - you name it)
as counter-terror is duplicity at its worst. How can anybody with a straight face deny the monstrous crime of the nakba.
But then.. I remember you as the bold-faced liar once appearing on hard-talk.
As an inquisitive 'human' being you should actively engage in justice by giving the rightful owners the land back that you occupy.
The Palestianian People have a right to return and more importantly, they have the right to not get their children killed for sport, their homes bulldozed, their graves desecrated,
their olive orchards uprooted, to be locked up in open air konzentrationslagern and ghettos (and not only for months, but for decades).
But our definition of courage differs obviously - mine means speaking up against injustice - your means defending the morally indefensible.
And no amount of hasbara lies and jewish propaganda can fool humanity aka the Global Mind any longer. Having studied the whole phenomenon for a while
I'm well aware of the instructions to deceive us goyim but the truth is out there and all of you lying scheming zionists can't possibly hope to suppress and distort it any longer.
Frank, just what is not "Zionist-controlled" by you? Because everything else seems to be blatantly irrational antisemitism rather than facts. Even that Toaff book was withdrawn because he couldn't substantiate his ridiculous claims.
See how nice and humane I am? I am tolerating your rantings.
I guess with people like you out there, there's a lot of work for me to do.
If only people were more open to opposing opinions.
Have a nice day, wherever you are.
It's not because you are nice or humane, but only given up. You tried to give more lies then to play your antisemitism card. What else you got?
Oh and there is nothing wrong with opposing opinion. What's wrong is the deliberate distortion of facts, justification of murdering Palestinian children, women and men and destroying their homes and gardens and taking their land, all in the name of Israel. Your poor soul.
Gali, you take care of your soul and I'll take care of mine.
And you can start by helping the Arab halt their terror.
You coward won't let me comment any more ,because you obvoiusly can't handle the truth. So I have to post anonymous to let the truth be heard on your pathetic blog where you censor
and blot out inconvenient arguments you ain't got the balls to face.
You coward try to sell your
intellectual oath of disclosure as nice and humane? But in the same moment you even still lack the basic courage/spine/backbone to address the main issue - Ilan Pape and Benny Morris have documented the expulsion of 800.000 semitic people in painstaking detail - you deny that too?
Even a petty thief deserves more respect! At least he admits his theft and has the courage to name it as it is.
This is not about opposing opinions but about
justice and equality,but even after you realize
you would lose any reasonable and
logic debate and argument you try to distort the core of the matter and to present it simply
as a matter of 'opinion'. Your manipulative methods straight out of one of your hasbara manuals
are so worn out. Even that 'anti-semite'-slur begins to be worn with pride around the world
as a badge of honor, because everyone with a few braincells by now has realized that this smear is always used to silence legitimate criticism of israel and your nice 'religion'.
I'm a 45 year old citizen of Earth and happen to live in Germany
Here we
have 2 phrases especially interesting for the likes of you.
The first is a relatively new phenomenon called 'Mietnomaden'. This term describes a certain brand of characterless individuals
who make a living out of worming their way into houses and flats by deceptive means, but who then regularly refuse to pay the rent, vandalize the place and leave it worn-out and highly indebted. The rightful owners often having put their whole possesson in the place as a means of retirement safety often go bankrupt.These sneaky bastards know every loophole,are always demanding special
'rights' and are used to judicial proceedings and so they often leave the owner bankrupt and soon
ruin the next one. Your ilk reminds me of one of these despiccable frauds who has the gall, after having been evicted out of over a hundred flats, to be already holding back payments again, beating up the neighbors kids, defecating in the rooms
and to top it all off to be actually kvetching and oveying about 'irrational anti-parasitism' and his absolute innocence. It' all a senseless hatred which has nothing to do with his behaviour and which miraculiously appeared over a hundred times only when he defrauded the people who gave their homes and houses to them - any sane mind can see that a its a healthy reaction but these snakes try to present it as 'irrational anti-parasitism' - RIDICULOUS! Your evil colonial anachronism at the expense of a whole people is equally
despiccable.
The other term is a timeless classic but you should get used to its coming and growing relevance
the term is JUDENRATTEN.
And,by the way, to put this in perspective,
I'm in no way an exception but I can sincerely assure you that for one German I know who supports the snakepit called israel, there
are dozens who deeply despise it for its crimes which become common knowledge.Just because some spineless politicians have been corrupted by jewish bribes and blackmail you should be clear about one thing - the man on the street,be it in London, Madrid, Paris, Rome
me and the est of Europe , the average guy begins to see your hellhole of a country for what it is - the prime
perpetrator of ethnic cleansing, theft and murder.
And in intellectual circles - the same - and these are no uninformed haters and racists- the opposite is the case. And the more people realize that it is the moral just thing to do, the fear of being defamed loses its grip.
You people have simply overplayed your 'eternal victim' - card
long ago - even people sympathetic to the plight of the jews in the third reich (and I was one of them) are so fed up with jewish hipocrisy and lies that they puke.
To get this straight - in my book any life lost is one life too many, EVERY SINGLE LIFE IS SACRED ( NOT ONLY JEWISH LIFES) but some of these ridiculous claims just don't add up.
Thats why any serious re-evaluation of The hollowcost TM with modern forensic and scientific methods is fought tooth and nail by your fellow
falsifiers of history. We all have been following the ground-penetration radar in Treblinka or David Cole in his findings - logic and reason applied lead to inescapable conclusions.
We all further know that new evidence comes to light even after thousands of years at the piramids of gizah, but your ghastly claims made 60 years ago are etched in stone and called 'History' and no contradicting evidence is allowed to enter
an open debate - because your house of cards would crumble by just breathing strong.
But the global mind works on another level and no amount of propaganda
and suppression is able to keep truth from manifesting in the minds of people.
So this is the endgame for enemies of truth and humanity like you - you should stop being a jew tribalist and instead become part of the unversal human family.
Oh, and I found something that just suits you. It's satirical so don't claim it's true:
A Protest against Insensitive Tee Shirts and Bumper Stickers
The most curious document has just been discovered by archeologists
working in the rubble left behind in a suburb of Munich in Germany. The document is a statement dated August 23, 1944. It was evidently issued by the Reichsamt gegen Rassismus und Benachteiligung, which means the Reich's Bureau against Racism and Discrimination.
I have turned the original German document, which reached me through some bizarre channels about which I cannot give details, over to a colleague for translation into English. I bring it to your attention because it is curiously similar to some items currently on the internet regarding the wearing of tee-shirts containing slogans of poor taste in Israel today!
Here is the translation:
The Reich's Bureau against Racism and Discrimination
August 23, 1944
German Comrades and Citizens:
On behalf of the Reich's Bureau against Racism and Discrimination, I have been asked to formulate this letter of protest concerning insensitivity and racism in the Third Reich. The request came several weeks ago but I was only able to compose the statement on behalf of the Bureau now that I
am on leave from my military post as a guard at the camp in Birkenau.
We German citizens of conscience have decided to speak out against an intolerable expression of racism! We refer of course to the wearing of some tee-shirts with barbarous slogans and photographs by Allied troops currently involved in the aggression against the Third Reich. In recent days, we have seen photographs and numerous eyewitnesses have come forward to describe American and British troops in France, Belgium and Holland who were seen in local pubs and cafes during their free hours wearing tee-shirts that carried insensitive epithets about Germans and Germany.
One showed a Wiener Schnitzel lying on a guillotine with its tip being sliced off. Another showed Allied soldiers urinating into Bavarian beer mugs. Others contained the derogatory terms 'Kraut' and 'Gerry' and even
'Hun.' Anti-German graffiti is showing up more and more frequently on the walls of Dutch and Belgian public buildings.
There were bumper stickers to be seen on the backs of some American and British tanks and other vehicles that cheered the dropping of incendiary bombs on German citizens. And posters being placed in the towns of French villages under the military occupation of the Allied imperialist forces
showed German cities in flames with accompanying slogans celebrating the fires. This is even without beginning to describe the insensitive anti-German rhetoric and behavior of the Soviet Red Army soldiers.
I think we can all agree that this sort of thing is intolerable. We call upon the League of Nations to convene a special assembly to denounce the racism and intolerance being displayed by Allied soldiers. We also ask
that the Pope speak up.
There is no doubt that this entire war was caused by the racial
intolerance and bigotry of American, British and Russian soldiers, not to mention the thuggish French and Yugoslav partisans. These people simply
refuse to accept Germans as fellow human beings, entitled to respect and dignity. Our Bureau is striving to stamp out racism in the New Middle Europe by demanding that all such graffiti, posters, and tee-shirts be banned at once. Only when these expressions of anti-German intolerance and racism are removed will there be any hope for tranquility!
On behalf of the Reichsamt gegen Rassismus und Benachteiligung
Hans Schikelgruber, Hauptamtsleiter
And you still lack the guts to address the real issue - but its typical for you khazar impostors
to eloquently evade the hard facts, namely that at the end of the day you are still a lying thief and I am still addressing that enormous injustice.
No matter how hard you negate the obvious - its still a crime against
humanity - no matter how you twist and distort the main issue. Where is your spine?
You are a coward and didn't address one single topic honestly.
'Nuff said!
You pitiful old looser are not even competent enough to answer honestly so I would like to close this 'pathetic' debate once and for all in style and with substance!
Where are your arguments? By resorting to smears and calling me stupid and idiotic
you prove your incompetence even more. Your usual anti-semite slur won't work on me and and to imply I would like to see jews die at the hands of arabs, if not even at mine is a disgusting ploy
and says more about your character than mine. And the only Nazis around are you ashkenazi jews pretending to be descendents of the ancient israelites, but unfortunately these are the Palestinians and the Sephardic (aka the 'real' ) Jews
which sheds a special light on the monstrous crime that happened to the ringworm children
which as you will surely remember were all Sephardis Jews,
whereas the vermin that planned that monstrous crime against humanity were all ashkenazi (counterfeit) jews.
You deceptively said you enjoy this illogical hilarious drivel, then you have to explain why my longer text appeared only after I had tried to post it several times unsuccessfully under my own name. You simply can't handle the truth and resort to racist smears about the Germans in general, the difference is that I despise you racist jews not because of your race but because of your ideology and behaviour and in the moment you become part of humanity as Shahak,Finkelstein,Atzmon,Shamir,Vanunu and several others more did , humanity can move on the evolutionary ladder. Your concept of an ethnically pure state in a multiethnic environment at the expense of a whole people is so backwards and incompatible with universal human values - it's as simple as that, so I'm still waiting for you to show your spine - what do you answer me on this one? You're morally bankrupt and the whole world knows it! Seems pretty logic to me! Get a life of your own and leave Palestine to its rightful owners!
As for Khazars:
Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Jewish Khazars: A Fantasy
Professor Moshe Gil wrote a long article in HaAretz April 28th refuting the whole Khazar Jewish story. Gil is a well known historian of Medieval Jewish life. The whole story, he demonstrates, started in Muslim Spain, with an imaginary correspondence between the king of the Khazars and Jewish moral writers in Muslim Southern Spain, detailing how the Khazar King has studied and compared different religions and opted to convert to Judaism. Gil, who studied this correspondence, shows that it was written when the Khazar Kingdom had long ceased to exist, and many other details that demonstrate that it was all apocryphal, imaginary, and made up to provide a suitable background for a moralistic dialogue. The supposed letters (which certainly exist and are authentic) describe a far away kingdom whose rulers opted for Judaism, a land where Jews are not persecuted nor opressed but are powerful fighters of Arab armies (The historical Khazars fought successfully successive Arab invasions). On the other hand, there are many close, direct historic sources on the real Khazars and no one ever mentions or suggests their being Jews.
Prof. Moshe Gil nails down his argument with Benjamin Menashe Levin's thirteen tome study of the immense correspondence of the "gaonim" ("geniuses", that was the honorific title of the Bagdad Jewish rabbis) of those times. The correspondence deals with innumerable details of the Jewish life in Asia, but has no reference at all of the supposed Jewishness of the Khazars or their Kings. Bagdadi Jews (Re dju'an Jewish merchants) maintained intense commerce with the Khazars and some of them achieved prominent positions in the Khazar court, but there is no mention ever of any Khazar converting to Judaism. Prof. Moshe Gil concludes that the whole legend of Jewish Khazar Kings is a phantasy born in Southern Spain. The legend certainly feeds the psychological needs of the literate Jews opressed in Muslim Spain, which certainly was no paradise for Jews (or Christians).
The legend of Jewish Khazars was popularized by the Hungarian Jewish writer, Arthur Koestler, in his "Thirteenth Tribe". Koestler was a very perceptive person and he must have understood that the whole Khazar Jewish thing is apocryphic, but he had his agenda, which was to demonstrate the foolishness of the Nazi program of exterminating Ashkenazic Jews, since they are not really of Jewish extraction. Koestler's book is very entertaining, and he dwells more on the Khazar (aka Jewish) participation in the Hungarian tribes conquest of Hungary and the establishment of the Russian State than in the Jewishness of this evanescent Turkic steppe tribe.
Moreover, I think that the fact of the historic inexistence of Jewish Khazars must have been well known among serious researchers, but people tends to avoid attacking national legends in public. No scientist writes academic articles to debunk the Divine Solar origin of the Japanese royal house, it is not a matter for academic research. The Jewish Kings of Khazaria pertain to the same category of foundation myths. It serves a purpose, let it be.
quote "Let me sum it up for you Abe. Zionism and it’s weapon of ‘Anti-Semitism’ were created to give the impression that the people who took Palestine by force and evicted what inhabitants they didn’t kill and who imprisoned the rest in Warsaw-like ghettos are Biblical inheritors of that land. Actually, the real Semitic inhabitants were already there. This presented a public relations problem so you and your reptile, hemorrhoid associates needed to pretend that you were the people you replaced. This is why you changed the names of all of the towns so as to blot out the former presence of those you disenfranchised and murdered. It’s as simple as that and there is nothing more to it than that."
I'm glad to see that at least this dialogue begins to resemble a genuine exchange of ideas.
You may try to refute the khazar origin story but I wasn't even referring to Koestlers work.Much more relevant and plausible is Schlomo Sands book,especially in the light of the genetic studies which conclusively show that the ashkenazi jews are much more closely related to turc/mongol than to semitic/middle eastern people.Khazar may be a misnomer, but the point is that you are not of semitic or middle-eastern descent but deny the semitic middle eastern natives of Palestine their rightful dignified existence living in their villages on their land where their families have been living for many generations. Where have your families been living
for generations, before your family came to America? So it was not Khazaria, let's call it the pale of the settlement then, or modern-day Georgia or Khazakstan for that matter
The point is that your genetic
origins are obviously not in the middle east but in easten europe/southern russia which is as good ar bad as any other place on earth, but this fact does not entitle you to a 'place in the sun' as the American Hebrew put it in 1919 when the kaballistic
number six million had already repeatedly been used to promote the idea of colonizing palestine after the balfour declaration had been schemed up by the intrigue and deceit of british zionists.
. The problem is when people lack the ability
to draw a line between myth and reality, especially when they try to implement 2100BC myths in an 2100AC environment. And its a tragedy for all involved when those myths lead to crimes against humanity of the kind your country has been inflicting on the whole region since its treasonous inception, thereby turning the truth upside down and making a travesty of human ethics and morals. (no surprise here
that these ethics and morals don't apply when the 'others' namely 'amalek' don't fit ones definition of 'human' - the last biblical reference to amalek goes back to 500 BC but that doesn't hinder your torah sages and rabbis to conveniently justify any violence against the true semitic people in Palestine by naming them 'heirs of amalek' the definition of which includes a wide range of 'enemies'.
The absolutely immoral activities of the mossad and the countless sayanim all over the world are another deadly blow to the image of your country in the world as more and more people connect the dots and expose or at least discover the truth behind the war on terror.
The numerous false-flags beginning with the Lavon Affair,over the USS Liberty, the Lockerbie Incident, to 911 and beyond (that ruthless thug Netanyahu seems always to be around even in London on 7/7,and the same israeli company was also in charge in Madrid - connect the dots), not to forget the countless targeted killings = murders in cold blood of even european politicians (Anna Lindh, Möllemann etc.even the Kennedys have to be reconsidered in light of the Fed
and israels nukes.), the list goes on and on , ethno-specific bio-weapons (how deplorable is this?),white phosphorous and dime (perversely gruesome, internationally banned )against helpless civilians caged in the modern equivalent of a KZ, the largest unaccounted for stockpile of nukes in the world and the statements about the 'samson' option - so what do you think does your country represent? The reports of UN-workers, human rights activists, international doctors and politicians describing the vilest acts of sheer terror,hate and racism by you settler types and to a large extent regular soldiers are innumerable. To name this bunch of ruthless killers (900 dead children since 2000, hundreds by headshot) the most moral army in the word is exactly that perverse distortion of the truth that the talmud instructs its followers. You should read what light Isreal Shahak sheds on the matter.
The fate of Rachel Corrie or a Tom Hurndall alone shows the sickening disrespect for non-jewish life and stands
for the tens of thousands of nameless arabs, who had been forgotten by the world, maimed, killed ,dehumanized for decades, hell, we can even read nearly any week
of another rabbi condoning the killing of the children and even the babys of 'amalek'. Not to mention 10000 Palestinians rotting in jails where they get raped and tortured, but when one of your occupying childkilling soldiers gets lost while fighting on foreign soil your whole nation demonstrates in a pathetic display of the worst kind of ethnocentrism how much you deem 1 jewish life of more importance than the lifes and the well-being of all Arab peoples. But isn't that exactly what one rabbi Jacov Perrin once said?
Well,nearly! A 1000 Arab lives are not worth a jewish fingernail was the exact phrase if I recall it correctly.
Do you seriously think things like these go unnoticed all over the world in the times of the internet?
At the end of the day you are still no semite, not the least bit entitled to the land you stole and are actually engaged in racism , namely real 'anti-semitism' by denying the native people even the basest human dignity.
Is it accidental that your holidays always celebrate the slaughter and massacre of some perceived
enemy? Is it even more accidental that one can easily get a hold of every important religious text of any religion, but if you want to study the talmud you have to go the extra mile and get smeared
for even expressing interest in it, but thats nothing against actually trying to 'study' those few true 'pearls of wisdom' in an occult dungheap
of cosmic (prop-) dist-ortions. But then it all becomes crystal clear - the mindset and ideology of human beings that manifests in the absolute disrespect for the basic human values and dignity every human being should be entitled to
is a pathologic sickness of the mind - namely exactly that what you regularly project onto everyone who dares to address jewish supremacist beliefs and the consequences it implies regarding the sheer magnitude of human suffering inflicted
by israel. But in your world all that other suffering doesn't count as it is obviously only jewish suffering that matters for 'inquisitive human beings' like you. I never said you should stop being a jew , but a jew tribalist. Don't you understand that the Chosen People Concept is diametrically opposed to any concept of brotherhood ,equality and unity among peoples and nations. There is no place In the 21st century for such an anachronistic outdated concept.
What makes me even more wonder is the fact that anybody with a sane mind could easliy realize that this genocidal , evil ,vengeful deity named yahweh cannot possible be the all-knowing all-loving creator god but the source of unending
hatred,genocide and materialism. That's the crux of the matter. You can live by jewish ethics or by universal human ethics and as you are part of humanity you should possibly live up to the standards of ethics you've been lecturing us about the last 60 years - to not look away in the face of injustice."To be silent in the face of injustice is the exoneration of evil" But when you are the perpetrators this exact trait is vilified and discredited and even people with
peaceful aspirations as Jimmy Carter or Arun Ghandi, the grand-grandson of Mahatma who was the head of the center for non-violence studies, are character-assassinated just for demanding basic human rights and dignity for a people.
To close with a statement by Schopenhauer
Every truth passes three phases
First - it is ridiculed
Second - it is violently opposed
Third - It is accepted as self-evident
Frank, unlike you, I really can't bring myself to write so much. On blogs & their comments, if you can't do it in 50 words, it's useless - and where do you find the time? Are you al alone with nothing to do?
Anyway, I'll try:
1. you deny a Middle Eastern (aka Semitic origin). you have Jews "starting out" in Russia. I don't grasp this. We know there were Jews in the Land of Israel, Roman visitors even detailed Temple worship. So, they all just disappeared or did they go into Exile and part of them ended up in Russia? You mean that the original Jews all disappeared and some other "people" popped up? That's impossible to support!
2. Every falsehood passes three phases
First - it is ridiculed
Second - it is violently opposed
Third - It is accepted as self-evident
Even a thousand words wouldn't to be enough to describe the atrocities and enormous injustice
inflicted by our your country with its present code of ethics.
You ultimately fail to even face and address the basest aspects.
There are ultimate cosmic laws that govern even the puny worldly stage and you won't evade them like that.
May you realize them in time to save your soul.
Frank, what cosmic law permits the existence of a small, persecuted people to exist for 3000 years despite all the pogroms, and the Holocaust, and the persecution by governments and the hates by individuals and to succeed fairly well? Maybe you're in the wrong cosmos
bye-bye.
http://myrightword.blogspot.com/2009/05/pals-nakba-nightmare-jewish-state.html
By the way, in humane societies even children know the most basic law of them all -
to not inflict unto others, what you yourself don't want to endure
Still in denial,old man?
I guess one has to be to still be able to look in the mirror.
Now I KNOW that you lack a spine.
Case closed.
Frank, what's with my spine? You some sort of political chiropractor?
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