tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-70142092024-03-18T11:15:05.959+02:00My Right WordMy thoughts, assertions and observations on issues important to me as a Jew, a Zionist, a Revenant in Yesha and as an inquisitive human being.YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.comBlogger21446125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-67042327062535245682024-02-25T13:34:00.002+02:002024-02-25T13:34:34.152+02:00Did the "Zionists" Yield on the Negev in 1947?<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">From <a href="https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1947v05/d733">a February 1947 State Department memorandum</a>:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: trebuchet;">"...<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333;">In present discussions, Negeb has been divided into two parts. Northern or cultivable part carries already a substantial Arab population, and British hope to develop it further in Arab interest (see 2 above). </span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #cc0000;"><u>Jews have themselves stated that uninhabited southern part of Negeb is useless to them</u></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333;">. Consequently, Negeb will be left in Arab area."</span></span></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: trebuchet;">^ </span></p><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333;"></span></span><p></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-89893396972482891822024-02-13T13:18:00.000+02:002024-02-13T13:18:02.637+02:00New Nazis Marching in Manhattan<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dydS28H6nf3z0JEF4MlvOa8QUCmflUTMsFX0iJ1pO5D841Lxib31M6xXCJ4ldnZFgnZIVUb61Y7N-g' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><br /><p></p><p>^</p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-85480947908872394022024-01-31T11:02:00.004+02:002024-01-31T11:05:58.810+02:00Lesson on 'How to think like Said Arikat'<p><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">There is nothing like an extensive example of Said Arikat's questioning at the State Department to exhibit how PPPPs (pro-Palestine propaganda proponents) think and how they insert wrong assumptions, untruths and misrepresentations into their questioning. Mehdi Hasan, of course, is another.</span></span></p><p><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYdw5Nqw_mPB2r3H0X99nIIWl33_BaIknWxfOJvHnarSr0TgViWWClK9c9Rr4nHg7pGOviTCPoxmZ418czsIskw5KwvITq6UMmTvKbRN2GeXYVUlNrkK3V0DSGfi_2cDIgvNHi4pwM1ogargcOQrd5qtu6Cl8t4O4j7orNYOfJUWpfE3x393CZJQ/s975/sa1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="729" data-original-width="975" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYdw5Nqw_mPB2r3H0X99nIIWl33_BaIknWxfOJvHnarSr0TgViWWClK9c9Rr4nHg7pGOviTCPoxmZ418czsIskw5KwvITq6UMmTvKbRN2GeXYVUlNrkK3V0DSGfi_2cDIgvNHi4pwM1ogargcOQrd5qtu6Cl8t4O4j7orNYOfJUWpfE3x393CZJQ/w400-h299/sa1.png" width="400" /></a></span></div><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;"><p><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;"><br /></span></span></p>Here is from </span><a href="https://www.state.gov/briefings/department-press-briefing-january-30-2024/" style="font-family: georgia; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;">the State Department Press Briefing of January 30, 2024</a><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit;"> (the boldface I have added):-</span></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span><span style="color: #333333; letter-spacing: -0.2px;"> Go ahead, Said.</span></span></p><div class="gmail_default"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Thank you. Actually, on both points. But on this particular one, I mean, Israel occupies the whole West Bank. They are under their control. <b>They don’t need to disguise themselves as medics and go into a hospital and kill people, which you called non-civilians. They are actually civilians</b>, but that’s beside the point. So —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> I – so that is very much – but hold on.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Just allow me. Allow me just to follow up.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> No, Said, but before you call someone a civilian that Israel has said is a member of Hamas, I need to put on the record that that is very much a question that’s in dispute.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> <b>There are civilian members of Hamas</b>; it’s <b>a political organization</b>. I mean, <b>you may disagree with their politics, but that does not make them militants, right?</b> Or —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> I would very much —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Okay.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> I would very much disagree with that, Said.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> That is —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> They’re a terrorist organization as have been —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Right, but that —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> — have been designated by the United States of America.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> <b>Right, but that’s an accusation of the occupier, a military occupier</b>. They are making the accusation. I want to ask you: Is that a conduct befitting a state or a group of gangsters to go in and kill people, assassinate them as they sat in their beds?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> So —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Is that the conduct of a state? Will the United States ever do something like this under similar circumstances?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> So, Said, I am going to first of all note for the record, because it is important to note for the record, that Hamas is a brutal terrorist organization that carried out the brutal murder of 1,200 people on October 7th and —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> We’re talking about the Bank, the West Bank. <b>We’re talking about the West Bank, not Gaza</b>.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> — and there are members of Hamas – and there are members of Hamas in the West Bank. And in addition to carrying out the brutal murder —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Right.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> — of 1,200 people on October 7th, has hid behind civilians in Gaza and been responsible for the death of many, many Palestinian civilians who they use as human shields. So before we talk about the people who died in this operation, I think it’s important to talk about who Hamas is, and it is not just – it is not a political organization, Hamas. It is – or Said. It is a terrorist organization that has carried out terrorist acts to kill civilians and has said it wants to continue to carry out those terrorist acts over and over again, and that context is important because Israel has the right to carry out antiterrorism operations to bring members of Hamas to justice. But as I said, we want them to be carried out in full —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> I am asking you —</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> Said, let me finish – in full compliance with international humanitarian law.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> I’m asking you: Is this a conduct befitting <b>a state that controls every single person in that whole territory</b>?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> We think it is appropriate that they have the ability to bring members of Hamas to justice.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Fair enough, fair enough. That’s your answer.</span></p></div></blockquote><p>^ </p><div class="gmail_default"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet;"></span></p></div><div><br /></div>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-662395891536493782024-01-21T08:59:00.002+02:002024-01-26T12:46:43.410+02:00Peace Requires Reeducation<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Imagine this being proposed after hostilities with Hamas in Gaza, and then extended to the areas of Judea and Samaria to include Fatah:</span></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal">On September 15, 2045, which is exactly one month after the
announcement of the defeat in the war, the Palestinian government through the
minister of education issued the ‘Education Policy Guidelines for the
Development of New Palestine,’ which contain 11 work guidelines: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">1. Education aims to broaden insights and knowledge, improve
the ability to think scientifically, foster a spirit of peace-loving, and improve
people's morality. </p><p class="MsoNormal">2. Erasing all subjects related to the military; all
teaching and research must be focused on peaceful purposes. </p><p class="MsoNormal">3. Revised the
textbooks so that the contents are in accordance with the new education policy. </p><p class="MsoNormal">4. The Ministry of Education organized a re-education program for teachers, to
understand the new education policy. </p><p class="MsoNormal">5. Giving special learning opportunities
for students who had been deployed to the battlefield or to the factory, which
forced them to drop out of school. </p><p class="MsoNormal">6. Scientific education aimed to train the
ability to think scientifically and not just to pursue temporary interests. </p><p class="MsoNormal">7.
To foster high morality and broad-minded people, it was necessary to increase
education outside of school for adults and workers, through public facilities
such as public libraries and museums, as well as utilizing media such as
painting exhibitions, theater shows, publishing popular science books, etc. </p><p class="MsoNormal">8.
Facilitating the formation of local youth groups, as a forum for communication
and fostering social solidarity. </p><p class="MsoNormal">9. Sought interfaith cooperation to foster
friendship and world peace. </p><p class="MsoNormal">10. Facilitating sports competition events to improve
physical and spiritual health, as well as fostering the spirit of fair play and
friendship among the nation's children and between the people of Palestine and
other citizens. </p><p class="MsoNormal">11. Restructuring the ministry of education to form the
directorate of sports and directorate of scientific education.</p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal"></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><span style="font-family: georgia;">A great dream, yes. Wild? Improbable?</span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Well, that text actually exists. But it was dated in the year 1945. And instead of Palestine and Palestinian, it read Japan and Japanese.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Think about that.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Source: <a href="https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1047&context=jsgs">Journal of Strategic and Global Studies | Volume 2, Number 2, July 2019</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-6250317675301770192024-01-17T21:29:00.004+02:002024-01-17T21:29:28.897+02:00Non-Published Letter to the London Review of Books<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Sent on November 20th:</span></p><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></div><blockquote><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Manal A. Jamal, writing in her blog post, "On Non-Violent Resistance" (<a href="https://www.lrb.co.uk/blog/2023/november/on-non-violent-resistance">LRB, 17 Nov 2023</a>), asserts that "from the beginning, non-violent resistance has been central to the Palestinians’ struggle for freedom.". Unlike clinging to the truth in Orwell's "1984", Professor Jamal would rather we go mad, adopt the process of continuous alteration and cling to the untruth. She purports a fantasy as history.</span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">In 1851, after having purchased property in Jerusalem's Old City so as to rebuild the Hurva Synagogue , which Arab creditors burned down in 1721, Rabbi Avraham Tzoref was axed by an Arab and died three months afterwards on September 16. In August 1890, Yisrael Rozeman was shot and killed while on guard duty in Gedera. Another over two dozen Jews were killed by Arabs on the background of their "resistance" to Jewish settlement all prior to the Balfour Declaration.</span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">During the three decades of British Mandate rule, Arabs violently and murderously rioted against Jews in April 1920, May and November 1921, August 1929 and then April 1936 until May 1939 killing almost 900 Jews in additionn to pillaging, burning homes and agricultural produce as well as raping. More instances of individual murders occurred in between those outbursts. Many instances of mutilation are recorded. Arabs seeking an alternative route of opposition to Zionism were eliminated in dozens of internal assassinations on the orders of the Mufti Amin Al-Husseini.</span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Mubarak Awad aside, who I met and discussed his politics, there has been no significant non-violent campaign of resistance by any influential Arab personality or organization, official or civil society based in over a century and a half.</span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Yisrael Medad<br /></span></div><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature" dir="rtl" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: start;"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Shiloh<br />Israel</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div class="gmail_signature" data-smartmail="gmail_signature" dir="rtl" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: start;"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><div dir="ltr"><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></div><div dir="ltr"><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-25224972594588253412024-01-12T09:57:00.003+02:002024-01-12T09:57:29.492+02:00Did Israel 'Emerge' in 'Ancient Palestine'?<span style="font-family: georgia;">In a review of Emanuel Pfoh's "<a href="https://www.routledge.com/The-Emergence-of-Israel-in-Ancient-Palestine-Historical-and-Anthropological/Pfoh/p/book/9781138661134">The Emergence of Israel in Ancient Palestine: Historical and Anthropological Perspectives"</a> by <a href="http://www.bookreviews.org/bookdetail.asp?TitleId=7586">Jeremy Hutton</a> you can find this theory gaining a grip on the academic discourse - and soon to be mass discourse:</span><br />
<br />
<blockquote>...an increasingly vocal contingent has challenged the critical theory (/theories) of historiography employed by traditional historical-critical approaches to the biblical text...Emanuel Pfoh steps into the gap and offers his own terms for peace with this book...itself is a methodologically and theoretically grounded study of how one might begin to write about “the emergence of Israel in ancient Palestine.” <br />
<br />
...The author marshals critical historiographic theory, state formation theory, and other anthropological models in an attempt to deal “specifically with Israel’s origins and the question of statehood in Palestine”. Throughout this introduction Pfoh positions himself as a proponent of “alternative historical explanations of what happened in Iron Age I Palestine in regard to ‘Israel’ ” (emphasis added). This effort comes as nothing surprising in the field of “biblical historiography” (construed loosely as the total combined subsets of biblical scholars, historians, archaeologists, Egyptologists, and Assyriologists who concern themselves with the reconstruction of the history of an ethnic group in the Southern Levant known as “Israel”)...he seeks “to assess the changing historical nature of the entity called ‘Israel’ as a product of contemporary history-writing” through both a review of the various proposals for understanding Israel’s emergence in Palestine (conquest, pastoral infiltration, etc.) and a sharpening of the “minimalist” critique of traditional biblical historiography....of Israel, Pfoh attempts to justify the critical historians’ foundational premise that “we cannot speak of Israel in history without firm evidence, and we cannot base our image of historical Israel on the biblical Israel that dwells in the Old Testament”...<br />
<br />
...we have little or no access into the Bible’s meaningfulness within the original social context of its production. Because the historical narratives’ “intention is not historical,” “one cannot deem [them] historiographic” either...<br />
<br />
...Pfoh attempts to deconstruct the putative relationship between the various “Israels” known from the ancient epigraphic texts. Pfoh dismisses as skewed any archaeological interpretations of the data that may be linked to the biblical text (e.g., A. Faust’s connection—hardly new with Faust—between <br />
“the absence of pig bones in the Iron I highlands” and Israelite identity; 165; cf. 166–67). Instead, Pfoh argues that the name “Israel”—if that is in fact what the Mernepta Stela says—“had survived afterwards in the territory and was adopted—from the ninth century on—by people living in the highlands” (172). Moreover, because “[e]thnic consciousness is… "retrospective” and “historiography … defines and creates ethnicity,” we have no access to the identity of early Judaism’s namesake Israel. There follows an outline of what we can know (from epigraphic remnants) or reconstruct (on the basis of archaeology and social-scientific theory) about the genesis and organization of the earliest known polity in the Iron Age II southern Levant: the Bīt-Humriya. This history, however, is not accessible through the biblical text, since “it is during the later periods of however, is not accessible through the biblical text, since “it is during the later periods of ancient Palestine’s history, the Persian and the Graeco-Roman, that we find the proper context in which biblical Israel was created”. <br />
<br />
In his “Concluding Reflections” (188–94), Pfoh wraps up a number of independent lines of argumentation that have been touched upon through the course of the study. In a few pages, Pfoh defends himself (and implicitly his congeners) from charges of anti-Semitism and nihilism. But the more salient threads of this short summary are tied together around the theme of epistemology: comparison of the historical reconstruction and the biblical text proceed “only at the final stage of research, but such an endeavour must never aim to achieve a harmonization or an historical corroboration of ancient mythic images,” since doing so “simply misses the point of the original intention [of the biblical text] because of the mixing of logical categories”. “Mythic traditions are rationally unfalsifiable, they just cannot be tested, not because they may not be confirmed by historical or archaeological data—which they are sometimes!—but because they are <br />
created by a different mentality, by another episteme, which never should be confused or blended with our own”...</blockquote>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-24462067616004804242024-01-07T11:59:00.010+02:002024-01-07T22:50:01.379+02:00"Disproving", Well, Everything Jewish<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Historian and researcher Issam Sakhnin (1938-2019) has had a third edition of his book, “Jerusalem: Hijacked History and Forged Antiquities” published by Al-A’idoun Publishing and Distribution House in Amman. <a href="https://www.alaraby.co.uk/%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%83-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9">His biography</a> includes that Sakhnini contributed to the establishing of the “Palestinian Research Center” in Beirut in 1965, and served as Deputy Director General of the Center between 1971 and 1978. </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-p_P_VnMF21-fplEZBsI-vDjvLSRZF0-gBu-mC17mFaMCgMcCJFjM6sTDJfmmx2m-z9MYa2O8BGsgQ5ZhYFNq-Nb77vn5iIEVxaZqhiwB-JJQB87m1ipY3_xI2O_O3VZGgrmwVi0hQiQPuFg0ftFi-WpMmRrW1MZm6o-ee1ByzrdVbkAyuIbNdQ/s266/images%20(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="266" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-p_P_VnMF21-fplEZBsI-vDjvLSRZF0-gBu-mC17mFaMCgMcCJFjM6sTDJfmmx2m-z9MYa2O8BGsgQ5ZhYFNq-Nb77vn5iIEVxaZqhiwB-JJQB87m1ipY3_xI2O_O3VZGgrmwVi0hQiQPuFg0ftFi-WpMmRrW1MZm6o-ee1ByzrdVbkAyuIbNdQ/w400-h253/images%20(1).jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The biography relates he "sought to collect documents related to the Arab-Zionist conflict, prepare field studies and research on the Palestinian issue, and spread knowledge of the Israeli enemy in Palestinian and Arab circles.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">One of his books, “The Holy Crime: Genocide from the Ideology of the Hebrew Book to the Zionist Project” (2012), presents a reading of the Zionist project, based on an analysis of its genocidal structure, whether in its origins, purpose, process, or outcomes. The Zionist project is a colonial/settler project based on the doctrine of genocide. Moreover, "the roots of the Jewish faith [are] represented by the blood-soaked God Yahweh, who commands his disciples to shed blood and annihilate other humans and animals as well. He also addresses the Zionist genocide discourse, which borrows the provisions of Jewish law to justify the genocide that it committed, and continues to commit, against the Palestinian Arabs. Ethnic cleansing is an essential feature of the Zionist discourse".</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">In “<a href="https://alghad.com/Section-150/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%81-%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AE%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%86%D8%AF-%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-1575314">Jerusalem has a hijacked history and forged antiquities</a>” Al-Sakhnini "refutes Zionism’s claims". The book, which was published as part of the publications of the Royal Commission for Jerusalem Affairs, Dr. Sakhnin "reveals the distortions, falsifications, and falsifications that befell the history of Jerusalem, beginning with the stories of the Hebrew Bible and continuing with the myths founding the foundation of contemporary Zionist thought."</span></p><p>The book came in four chapters. The first discussed the falsification of the history of Palestine in general, in order to understand the dimensions of the falsification of the history of Jerusalem and the sources and references of this falsification. The second chapter was devoted to researching the myths and legends from which the forged history of Jerusalem was derived and the facts that archeology has revealed that contradict it. These are basically myths. In the third chapter, Sakhnini discussed the issue of the “Temple” as it is in the riddles and riddles that were invented and whose futility modern research shows, and in the fourth chapter he discussed the processes of forging antiquities with the intention of proving the authenticity of stories about the city’s history.</p><p>Secretary-General of the Royal Commission for Jerusalem Affairs, Dr. Abdullah Kanaan, wrote an introduction to the book in which he says, “The book by history professor Dr. Issam Sakhnin is a “true scientific and historical treasure.” It embodies the saying, “From your mouth I condemn you.” In this book, Sakhnin refutes the claims of Zionism that aim to Complete control over all aspects of community life in the Holy City and its Islamic sanctities.”</p><p>Kanaan continued, “Sakhnini, in this book, exposes and exposes all the Zionist plans and Israel’s policy that aims to Judaize the city of Jerusalem with the aim of imposing “new facts and data,” enabling it to perpetuate its occupation of Jerusalem and perpetuate its usurpation so that it remains a unified and eternal capital of Zionism, in contravention of international law and relevant international legitimacy resolutions. The connection to the Palestinian issue and Jerusalem.</p><p>He points out that the issue of Jerusalem, in its past, present and future history, was the focus of attention of the Arab and Islamic nations in particular, and of all those who love peace in the world in general. It was self-evident that the Royal Commission for Jerusalem Affairs would work to direct those with pens, bright minds, and scientific and research abilities and capabilities, towards studying Sources that serve the cause of Jerusalem, and keep it alive in the Arab and Islamic mind and conscience, generation after generation, until it returns to its Arab people, the legitimate owners of the right, as it has always been throughout history.</p><p>Kanaan believes that Jerusalem has continued to occupy a prominent place in the mind and conscience of the Arab and Islamic worlds. It was and still is the focus of interest of researchers and historians who have dealt with it through monitoring, research and analysis in all its historical, anthropological, demographic and spiritual dimensions, relying in this on the most important books, references and the results of Arab and foreign archaeological investigations, ancient and modern. .</p><p>Dr. Sakhnini, in the introduction to the book, emphasizes that the intention of this book is not to present an ancient history of the city of Jerusalem, as the breadth of this chronological history, with its unparalleled rich diversity, cannot be comprehended in such a book, which is limited in size. Rather, “what we aimed for from this book was to reveal the distortions, falsifications, and falsifications that occurred in the history of Jerusalem, which began with the stories of the Hebrew Bible, and continued with the myths founding the foundations of contemporary Zionist thought.</p><p>In this context, a replacement occupation invasion took place on this history, with its temporal and spatial memories, and all the facts witnessed in the city’s past were excluded from it if they contradicted the narratives of those stories and legends, or were forcibly silenced, or were falsified and terribly deviated from their historical meanings.” .</p><p>Sakhnini confirms that the focus of the book is “forgery operations,” indicating that it may be in the form of an introduction to rewriting the history of ancient Jerusalem, getting rid of myths and legends, and relying exclusively on what modern sciences provide, especially the sciences of archeology and anthropology, of means by which Access to historical truth. Pointing out that he benefited from the data of archeology and the historical facts it reveals, but without delving into his techniques, in order to destroy all that mythical heritage in which he placed the ancient history of Jerusalem in its chains.</p><p>Sakhnini says, “No history has been subjected to falsification as the history of ancient Palestine in general and the history of Jerusalem in particular has been subjected to it,” indicating that “history in one of its meanings is the past, but the past here is not what has passed and gone with its ancient time, but rather it is an extended, untruncated past that flows.” In the present, he creates its content, features, and signs that indicate it, so that the past becomes the present, articulated on its feet and attached to all its aspects.</p><p>He points out that Zionism started from this understanding, and its concern was to own and monopolize the past, because whoever owns the past owns the present and the future as well. Palestine's past or ancient history is what is concerned here. That history, as is the objective, scientific view of it, which is consistent with the Arab view, is rich in its ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity, as the Canaanites, Edomites, and ancient Palestinians succeeded in its era.</p><p>Sakhnini believes that Zionism has stripped all of that rich past of its historicity, indicating that the history of ancient Palestine, which it wants to be its present and future as well, is the history formulated by “biblical” tales and legends that separated the history of ancient Palestine into stages that are exclusively the stages of the history of the children of Israel in it.</p><p>He says that Zionism sought to exclude the name Palestine from geographical-historical memory, and replaced it with the name “Land of Israel.” This was based on the premise that made the name have a political-ideological function whose goal was to show an alleged connection extending throughout history, linking the Jews to this place in their past, present, and future. More than that, this connection in the custom of Zionism, with its contents derived from Jewish theology, is a manifestation of a divine will that willed there to be a predestined relationship between four hypostases: “the God of Israel, the children of Israel, the land of Israel, and the history of the children of Israel.” .</p><p>Sakhnini concluded that no history has ever been subjected to the Jewish robberies that the ancient history of Palestine was subjected to, and thus Zionism actively sought to silence it, considering that a necessary condition for owning it, and thus owning the present and the future, and for monopolizing the land that is the geographical framework of that history. In these robberies, Zionism reaped a valuable spoil by granting it a right to present Palestine, based on an alleged history, and in recognition of its possession of the place on which a state was created.</p><p>^</p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-21762104876071971872024-01-06T18:02:00.001+02:002024-01-07T11:56:27.176+02:00Rudyard Kipling Visits Mandate Palestine 1929<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3YuPYkhEh2P1Is58pBHV83Dyb1Dhs_iVpuwGABL-gY_HHhzVZvL9pYcpzDMPhJlwmIn3Ari42W2eWD1A-2uxMNahcsC9ZXjImbqQKFFRQss9IiP3r6BR8oBA9cykoTkqGZtpkzTpDYcMFNv7xCn-uJCsUBP_ocad-2kNn287gqItPJLl25BfXjA/s544/11-3-29.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="232" data-original-width="544" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3YuPYkhEh2P1Is58pBHV83Dyb1Dhs_iVpuwGABL-gY_HHhzVZvL9pYcpzDMPhJlwmIn3Ari42W2eWD1A-2uxMNahcsC9ZXjImbqQKFFRQss9IiP3r6BR8oBA9cykoTkqGZtpkzTpDYcMFNv7xCn-uJCsUBP_ocad-2kNn287gqItPJLl25BfXjA/w400-h170/11-3-29.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZl5yvh5WVs-IfJOHZUAqpoYpdKDgzGZTndTS5JqC7iSX14C48mUMMEnzu7sAcKeroBfyNXGe2yO5evxryi3tRL_QmFqQlBCl4sUuX3WZwDti88_d_tgtF-lSceXSCPZxNDhLA6dP2aNvVOzQ6Yu_cVAfmxdBpCpZeMy_UAYPhKFKrqeuja7oxkw/s760/mar%2029%201929.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="517" data-original-width="760" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZl5yvh5WVs-IfJOHZUAqpoYpdKDgzGZTndTS5JqC7iSX14C48mUMMEnzu7sAcKeroBfyNXGe2yO5evxryi3tRL_QmFqQlBCl4sUuX3WZwDti88_d_tgtF-lSceXSCPZxNDhLA6dP2aNvVOzQ6Yu_cVAfmxdBpCpZeMy_UAYPhKFKrqeuja7oxkw/w400-h272/mar%2029%201929.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">and an interrupted repaste:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghqeyHFKW2_ba9iQ0w7T0xvEm-R8mrDNnN4WCQBcjkaKD_dDA26wczv5XnJe6DaFmSIH7KUmfDbr6zW5tMbZ5Gh-JfnRH8YBia162dab9D4ofQ8QjiosAvm3Cv9fypBAe1Z9ApqhtTn5t-aU_TYI4yWBT62hLsA4RJr_MlwYyUnL8-afJ54GstbQ/s541/29-3-29.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="541" data-original-width="393" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghqeyHFKW2_ba9iQ0w7T0xvEm-R8mrDNnN4WCQBcjkaKD_dDA26wczv5XnJe6DaFmSIH7KUmfDbr6zW5tMbZ5Gh-JfnRH8YBia162dab9D4ofQ8QjiosAvm3Cv9fypBAe1Z9ApqhtTn5t-aU_TYI4yWBT62hLsA4RJr_MlwYyUnL8-afJ54GstbQ/w290-h400/29-3-29.png" width="290" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Postscript:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">"<a href="https://www.heretical.com/miscella/kipling2.html">A practically unknown poem by Rudyard Kipling which Winston Churchill strove to keep secret</a>. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">A copy of the unpublished private edition was given to Franklin Delano Roosevelt in October 1943, with instructions not to make the gift public. ‘The Burden of Jerusalem’ is reproduced here with the same punctuation and in the same format as it appeared in the privately bound volume.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">I was working through files from the Roosevelt library (http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/), which has a large amount of letters online, when I noticed a note by Churchill.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">I was immediately intrigued and wondered what it was that Churchill didn’t want to be made public. I looked around the net and the only reference I could find was in usenet where some silly people had mentioned the Poems and they seem to have appeared in a Christopher Hitchens book about 1990. I emailed some Kipling people and one was kind enough to post me photocopies from one of the copies of them, talked about in the Churchill-Roosevelt correspondence, that he possessed. I think this is the first time the poems [with ‘A Chapter of Proverbs’] have appeared in full online. The majority of Kipling fans seem to be in ignorance of their existence and I am not sure if they have appeared elsewhere in print since 1990. I think their historical importance is clear.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">David Noone</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">THE BURDEN OF JERUSALEM</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><i>But Abram said unto Sarai, “Behold</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><i>thy maid is in thy hand. Do to</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><i>her as it pleaseth thee.” And</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><i>when Sarai dealt hardly with her</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><i>she fled from her face.</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><i> Genesis XVI.6.</i></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">In ancient days</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> and deserts wild</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">There rose a feud –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> still unsubdued –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">’Twixt Sarah’s son</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> and Hagar’s child</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">That centred round Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">(While underneath</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> the timeless bough</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Of Mamre’s oak,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> mid stranger-folk</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The Patriarch slumbered</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> and his spouse</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Nor dreamed about Jerusalem).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">For Ashmael lived</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> where he was born,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And pastured there</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> in tents of hair</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Among the Camel</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> and the Thorn –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Beersheba, south Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">But Israel sought</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> employ and food</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">At Pharoah’s knees,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> till Rameses</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Dismissed his plaguey multitude,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> with curses,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Toward Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Across the wilderness</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> they came,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And launched their horde</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> o’er Jordan’s ford,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And blazed the road</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> by sack and flame</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">To Jebusite Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Then Kings and Judges</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> ruled the land,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And did not well by Israel,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> Till Babylonia took a hand,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And drove them from Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And Cyrus sent them back anew,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> To carry on as they had done,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Till angry Titus overthrew</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> The fabric of Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Then they were scattered</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> north and west,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">While each Crusade</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> more certain made</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">That Hagar’s vengeful</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> son possessed</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Mohamedan Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Where Ishmael held</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> his desert state,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And framed a creed</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> to serve his need. –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">“Allah-hu-Akbar!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> God is Great!”</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">He preached it in Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And every realm</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> they wandered through</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Rose, far or near,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> in hate or fear,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And robbed and tortured,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> chased and slew,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The outcasts of Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">So ran their doom –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> half seer, half slave –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And ages passed,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> and at the last</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">They stood beside</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> each tyrant’s grave,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And whispered of Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">We do not know</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> what God attends</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The Unloved Race</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> in every place</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Where they amass</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> their dividends</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">From Riga to Jerusalem;</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">But all the course</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> of Time makes clear</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">To everyone</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> (except the Hun)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">It does not pay to interfere</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">With Cohen from Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">For, ‘neath the Rabbi’s</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> curls and fur</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">(Or scents and rings</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> of movie-Kings)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The aloof,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> unleavened blood of Ur,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Broods steadfast on Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Where Ishmael bides</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> in his own place –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">A robber bold,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> as was foretold,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">To stand before</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> his brother’s face –</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The wolf without Jerusalem:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And burthened Gentiles</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> o’er the main</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Must bear the weight</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> of Israel’s hate</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Because he is not</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> brought again</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">In triumph to Jerusalem.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Yet he who bred the</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> unending strife</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And was not brave</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> enough to save</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The Bondsmaid from</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> the furious wife,</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">He wrought thy woe, Jerusalem!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">...The following is by David Richards, an American Kipling collector and the author of a new bibliography of Rudyard Kipling, to be published by Oak Knoll Press in 2006.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">I have a little privately bound typescript book, supposedly (and I believe) printed by Alfred Webb-Johnson, who operated on Kipling in October 1931, and is said to have “edited” ‘Something of Myself’ (a claim doubted by Professor Pinney, as I remember). This book, a small 8vo titled in gilt only on the spine and bound in dark blue half-calf with marble endpapers, is comprised of 16 leaves. ‘The Burden of Jerusalem’ is leaves 4-8, and ‘A Chapter of Proverbs’ is leaves 9-13, with 32 numbered proverbs, ending with the note “An unpublished item by Rudyard Kipling, and given to me by Mrs. Kipling. Copy in the British Museum.” This is followed by Webb-Johnson’s signature. ‘The Burden of Jerusalem’ is present in the British Library (BL Add MS 45680 f. 155-56, typescript, two leaves, rectos only, seventeen 4-line stanzas, annotated “to follow ‘The Peace of Dives’”) in a typescript copy with a letter from Webb-Johnson dated 12 August 1940 saying that the poem was meant for publication but withheld by Mrs. Kipling. There is another copy at the Royal College of Surgeons, with ‘A Chapter of Proverbs’ and bound with correspondence regarding these items (Webb-Johnson to Winston Churchill, 28 July 1943; Churchill to Webb-Johnson, 1 August 1943 and 12 October 1943, and a copy of a letter from Webb-Johnson to Franklin Roosevelt, 14 October 1943).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">The first letter to Churchill states that Webb-Johnson had given copies of ‘The Burden of Jerusalem’ to Queen Mary and the British Library, and there are copies in the Churchill College Cambridge and Roosevelt (Hyde Park NY) Libraries. ‘A Chapter of Proverbs’ is also among the Kipling Papers at Sussex University (25/4). The Royal Library, Windsor, contains a calligraphic MS of ‘Burden,’ including an epigraph from Genesis, made for Webb-Johnson as a birthday present for Queen Mary, transcribed in 1914 from a copy sent to Webb-Johnson by Carrie Kipling. Stanzas 1 and 14 were first published in Carrington’s biography of Kipling in 1955, at p. 498, and are reprinted in Harbord, Verse No. 1163, as ‘Jews or Jews and Arabs.’ ‘Burden’ was first formally published in Lord Birkenhead’s biography of Kipling in 1978. Hitchens is the first to publish ‘A Chapter of Proverbs’ in a trade edition.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Another copy of what I have, bound in red morocco, was included as item (iv) in item 1 in Maggs 1994 Rudyard Kipling catalogue, with Webb-Johnson’s papers, including a letter from Churchill to Webb-Johnson suggesting that another Kipling poem contained in this little book, entitled ‘President Wilson,’ be destroyed as “derogatory” and unworthy of Kipling’s reputation. (On the Wilson piece, see the Kipling Journal 3/82, p. 46, and KJ 6/82, p. 38.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">David Alan Richards</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">New York</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">‘The Burden of Jerusalem’ appears in slightly edited form in Christopher Hitchens, Blood, Class, and Nostalgia: Anglo-American Ironies, Farrar, Straus & Giroux (New York), 1990, pp. 86-88. Here it is reproduced exactly as it appears in the original, privately published volume held by David Richards. (An instance of “Ashmael” instead of “Ishmael” and apparent punctuation errors appear in the original.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">----------------------</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">We have been informed, in full detail, of Kipling’s piece of verse “The Burden of Jerusalem”, and I am aware that a number of our members find it distasteful. Nonetheless, the verses exist: The genie – no, we’re talking Kipling so it should be djinn - has been let out of the bottle, and it is difficult, if not impossible, to stuff him back again (and why is the genie in ‘Aladdin’ always male?). So let us consider the piece, as John Walker has said, in an open way. In doing so, I draw no conclusions, but offer these observations – which are not intended to be an apologia for the verse or for Kipling’s alleged views but, I hope, a dispassionate dissection..</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Kipling always spoke of “the two sides of his head”. I do not think that one can say exactly what those two sides were, because their exact nature varied, depending on his age and what he was writing. One thing is, I think, undoubted, and that is that Kipling was capable of expressing views, in the mouths of his characters, which were not necessarily a reflection of his own. Furthermore, one should remember that he was a superlative journalist, and master of English. He reviewed and revised his texts over and over again (he told us so in Something of Myself ). Therefore it behoves us to examine his words carefully, and not put any careless interpretation on them which is not in strict accordance with the accepted definition of those words. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">(There is an excellent example of the dangers of this in Stanza 12, where he talks of “the unloved race”. Mark the exact word “unloved”. He does not say “unlovable”. He is making a statement of fact, as will be shown later on.)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">It may also be observed that Kipling was, at various times of his life, capable of expressing contrary views on the same subject. He may have held racialist views, but he was perfectly capable of admiring other races and expressing that admiration. (N.B. the word ‘racist’ is first cited in the OED in 1927: “racialist” and “racialism” date from 1901/2, but we should not apply our late 20th century views to those of our 19th century forebears without remembering autre temps, autre moeurs). He may have been contemptuous of the Bengali babu type, but he admired the Punjabi Mussulman.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">So, for what they are worth, here are my observations, which are not in any particular order, except for the first ones which consider the 17 stanzas.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">1. The first eleven stanzas of the poem can be considered a clever, and not inaccurate, history of Israel. My knowledge of that history is distinctly shaky, and I cannot say if the reference to Israel in stanza 4 is to one tribe or to all. I think it is likely that it supposed to be to all, using ‘Israel’ as an all-encompassing word for the Jewish race.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">2 The next stanza (12) can certainly be taken as distinctly anti-Semitic – “the Unloved race”: “amass their dividends”. Having said that, it is also a statement of fact: the Jews have been, throughout history, an “unloved race” (NOT, as remarked above, an “unlovable race”) suffering persecution at the hands of just about every nation amongst whom they have settled. (In that context, so far as I know, the only place where there has not, in recent history, been any systematic persecution of the race is in the United States of America.) And one of the reasons why they have been unloved is because of their skill with money. No one likes those who make money (as it is perceived) by usury from those amongst whom they live (cf, in 2009, “bankers”).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">3. Stanza 13 I find interesting. As I say, my history of this is shaky to minuscule, and I do not know of any specific incident in which the biter has been substantially bitten after a tussle with “the Jews” – though it may have been so in economic terms – when the Jews were thrown out of England in 1290 by Edward I, after a century and a quarter of intermittent and sometimes bloody persecution, I suspect the King probably found it difficult to raise the wind for his wars against the Scots.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> But the verse is entirely apposite today. As the world has observed since the state of Israel came into being in 1948, its motto may be said to be “An Eye for an Eye and a Tooth for a Tooth”. So Kipling’s words are extremely prescient. I do not understand RK’s reference to “the Hun” not knowing better than to “interfere with Cohen from Jerusalem”. (Remember, the verse seems to have been written before the Nazi state began to persecute Jews.) </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">4. Stanza 14 may also be said to be prescient. As is well-known the ancient city of Jerusalem has great significance for Jewry, as it has for Palestinians of all faiths, for differing reasons. But the unification of the city is, in my understanding, a central plank of right-wing politics in Israel, and I suspect that, although other political parties may be less insistent, they would still say that they have, in effect, a prior claim to the city, and when RK wrote the verse, the toast of “Next Year in Jerusalem” at the Feast of Passover, had a very real meaning among the followers of Judaism. Very many references speak of Jerusalem being central to Judaism, and although there is a sneering tone to the stanza, it is nonetheless an accurate reflection of the feeling amongst Jewry.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">5. To provide at least a partial balance, Stanza 15 is not exactly complimentary to the Arab, without mentioning the Muslim faith of the majority. Nor does it suggest that Muslims world-wide are united in a desire to possess Jerusalem. Muslims would be more concerned with the fate of Mecca and the Holy Places of Medina than with the fate of Jerusalem. (I wonder what would be the view of the average Muslim man-in-the street in Djakarta, capital of the largest Muslim state?) The reference is to the sons of Ishmael, who, I take it, are the modern day Palestinians.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">6. Stanza 16 implies the difficulties experienced by those who ‘held the ring’ between, on the one side, the established Jewish settlers who had been in Palestine since the 1890s or so, and those in central Europe who saw in the aftermath of the Balfour Declaration their hope of a Jewish state, and on the other, the former subjects of the Ottoman Empire who had lived on and tilled their land since the expulsion of the Jews in AD70. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">7. The final stanza, taken literally, suggests that if Abraham had been firmer with his wife, and taken charge of his household, the whole difference between the tribes might never have occurred. John Walker has noted that the verse was originally prefaced with a verse from Genesis, which confirms that reference. John went on to suggest that RK was implicitly criticising the British mandate. For what it is worth, his correspondence with Elsie at the time, recording that he had dined with the Acting High Commissioner, and was about to dine with Sir John Chancellor, the High Commissioner himself, contain no hint of criticism - he speaks of Palestine in three separate letters, to Elsie, to Lady Sykes (daughter of Bonar Law) and to Sir Henry Newbolt as being “a most marvellous land”, although he notes that there were “three religions at each others’ throats and the Bolshie dancing in the background to see where he can get in a stab”.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"> In one of his letters to Elsie from Jerusalem at this time, he remarks that “many races are vile but the Jew in bulk on his native heath is the Vilest of them all.” Of all the remarks which I have read in the last few days, that is undoubtedly the most damning to Kipling’s reputation.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">8. So why? The view he took was undoubtedly common in British society (and other European societies – cf the Dreyfus case in France) at the time. What was it about the Jews collectively which made them so disliked? Did that attitude pervade all classes? Probably not. The Jewish pawnbroker, if he were honest, was a necessary part of life to many of the labouring classes, and certainly wasn’t hated. The Jewish financier was equally necessary to the upper classes, for whom he frequently provided similar, if more recherché, facilities (cf. King Edward VII). My suggestion is that the attitude stemmed from a complex series of causes. One was that the Jews were Different, a tribe apart, and whatever one may say, tribalism, whether it be Millwall fans v: West Ham fans, is still an immensely strong force. Secondly, in an era when Land (“ther Land” as Midmore contemptuously expressed it in the early pages of ‘My Son’s Wife’) formed the basis of wealth, the Jews, who Understood Money in a way that too many landed proprietors did not, provided the essential capital which could not easily be unlocked from land, and as has been said above, no-one likes those who make money out of one’s own lack of it. Thirdly, in Understanding Money, Jews were quite happy to talk about it, and in Polite Society that just was Not Done (and Polite Society did not merely mean the upper and monied classes, it went pretty far down the social scale). Fourthly, they kept themselves to themselves, and didn’t take part in the same activities as the great bulk of the British public – though in Regency days, the Jewish prize-fighter Mendoza was a great favourite with the public. (I haven’t got the least idea, but wonder how many professional footballers in the Premiership and upper divisions of the Football League are Jews?)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">10. If Kipling was anti-semitic, then he reflected the view of the majority of his generation (consider that paragon, George Cottar, who, on hearing that a girl named Miriam is to visit, wonders, in a disparaging way, if she is of Jewish extraction). But in his Lodge in India, he had met, on an equal footing, a Jew along with others of all the faiths. However, if there were conflict between Muslim and Jew, perhaps he would have supported the Muslims, whom he admired (because he knew them) rather than the Jews (whom he knew much less well).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">It was not until I had written all the above that I read the text of Professor Craig Raine’s lecture at the Kim conference in 2002 (KJ 303, Sept 2002, as noted by John Walker). He makes many of the same points that I have, if more elegantly. And he cites some of Kipling’s more positive (if, perhaps, not totally approving) remarks about the Jews, as well as other negative remarks. And he identifies where the piece is to be found, in the Roosevelt Library at the Roosevelt home, Hyde Park: it would be interesting to know precisely when it was written.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">There are many more points to be made, e.g.: Jews in South Africa – did RK comment on them? – if not, why not? He must have met them on the boats going out to the Cape and coming home again. In the verse (stanza 14), one might suggest that he has chosen as his exemplars only the caricature Jew.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Some may consider it significant that the metre is undoubtedly that of the bawdy song “The Harlot of Jerusalem” – observations to this effect have appeared in the KJ in the not too distant past. The words of that song vary, and the date is uncertain, but it almost certainly dates from World War I, and possibly originated with the troops of Allenby’s army which drove the Turks out of Sinai, Palestine and Syria. (Certainly some versions date from that period, since there is a reference in one to the Lewis Gun.) I have not seen the connection made elsewhere (but haven’t particularly looked for it) but it may be suggested that there is a parallel with the “Whore of Rome” – a 17th century (I think) and later reference to the Roman Catholic Church, much used by the more extreme Protestants.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">If that is accepted, then it might be suggested that the Harlot of Jerusalem is, indeed, Judaism.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">And if that, in turn is accepted, then the whole poem can be interpreted as a rant (or is that too strong?) against Judaism.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Kipling was a man of his time: he held most of the prejudices of a British member of the middle class of that time. He did so, perhaps with better reason, because he had had so wide an experience of life, both personally and vicariously because of his own “’satiable curtiosity”. We, with our post holocaust knowledge, should be wary of ascribing views to him which represent only one side of his head.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Oh, and finally, just consider what he said about Americans from time to time.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Alastair Wilson</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">------------------------------------</div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">^</div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p><br /></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-91029876938754445492023-12-18T18:20:00.002+02:002023-12-18T21:53:56.656+02:00Another of My Not-Printed-Letters-to-the-Editor<p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif;">To the Editor of the Jerusalem Post:</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif;">Herb Keinon is correct ("<a href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-776575">The jarring voices of internal division rise again</a>", Dec 5) that the last thing we need is a continuation of the "camp vs. camp" atmosphere that preceded this period of war. However, I myself was jarred to read that his first example of the divisional antagonism was a Likud Minister, David Amsalem, who was responding - as Keinon admits - to former General Dan Harel who had spoken the previous evening. I would have liked to think that the principle of "first things first" be preserved in "analysis" columns.</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif;">More importantly, though, is that Keinon neglected to inform his readers of the true extent of the persistence of the anti-Netanyahu forces. Those who are on social media platforms, notably Facebook, X and Telegram, are aware that they never actually stopped.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi53itAKKv2NQa16dcRzSvaxFRd-7HDeBoZNfZ7PkbvRZINOEb4Dhtj9dgscTzOlUYHVb13fjgQzeOKQQB9OW4CWEZPJdNxDJZNYZ2C-bVviEE16oP4Iw_t11GS5bzrz8x1KAqdWNqub6oV9U65xm_sV2RwR3fl4wJ9zqxJn0ybcghkq4hkfvoHRA/s526/406161572_120200950026040424_4661455997193486822_n.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="526" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi53itAKKv2NQa16dcRzSvaxFRd-7HDeBoZNfZ7PkbvRZINOEb4Dhtj9dgscTzOlUYHVb13fjgQzeOKQQB9OW4CWEZPJdNxDJZNYZ2C-bVviEE16oP4Iw_t11GS5bzrz8x1KAqdWNqub6oV9U65xm_sV2RwR3fl4wJ9zqxJn0ybcghkq4hkfvoHRA/s320/406161572_120200950026040424_4661455997193486822_n.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLBifr_7lj54Gx5OesPe-TyOrfIyr5ufMnQbV_SvdKfjW9FBmwZ-4AOsUUWNd7VyDiOBBvr67wnv-aX6KYakvtbnmwewFyKIPT1AMnQJFZ6JW7Hp0TxuVRAaGg8NGHizra7xsChDgQkcvSz5jYpo-HCu95RlvLS1_9RCXCWK6v9jYGNaEv7RFbzA/s1024/GABNNHcWIAAKxZZ.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1024" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLBifr_7lj54Gx5OesPe-TyOrfIyr5ufMnQbV_SvdKfjW9FBmwZ-4AOsUUWNd7VyDiOBBvr67wnv-aX6KYakvtbnmwewFyKIPT1AMnQJFZ6JW7Hp0TxuVRAaGg8NGHizra7xsChDgQkcvSz5jYpo-HCu95RlvLS1_9RCXCWK6v9jYGNaEv7RFbzA/s320/GABNNHcWIAAKxZZ.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJdJwtM0S1dzHWGaU9t72sNNonVTd4aNKLJQQeiAxHwruI7CdtSfyQx1ccs1v6qSiyUng4UhCa2yoNI82aO1u4s6581pRUNSj9wJn1qpv2QNpDtT_x3jxf067UyhMqAnvU9tr3gRyIH_XrxGK3cTIuw5dJHrXyMgVOHy79LHbzuQgydC8zV5bkHA/s559/GAwbC1cXwAAv0cM.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="471" data-original-width="559" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJdJwtM0S1dzHWGaU9t72sNNonVTd4aNKLJQQeiAxHwruI7CdtSfyQx1ccs1v6qSiyUng4UhCa2yoNI82aO1u4s6581pRUNSj9wJn1qpv2QNpDtT_x3jxf067UyhMqAnvU9tr3gRyIH_XrxGK3cTIuw5dJHrXyMgVOHy79LHbzuQgydC8zV5bkHA/s320/GAwbC1cXwAAv0cM.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj158gG9EsJ4ph3soEOU4jUGQg64DCmAoo3g3sDxu-6MVWgu3sryyQ9bY8l6Ewyh1-8a9lmVQWzqynEe8oCeBrwC1OzPL6_9jSrNYQz5RWs9PQ6LuB9ed3_zGztk2-sy0zHPH9e_C-2y_uqLuDpry9AE-0K1UrzYmngpeuoFBh9WZE247Gd8I41cg/s1024/GBFexYoXIAAxt6E.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="926" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj158gG9EsJ4ph3soEOU4jUGQg64DCmAoo3g3sDxu-6MVWgu3sryyQ9bY8l6Ewyh1-8a9lmVQWzqynEe8oCeBrwC1OzPL6_9jSrNYQz5RWs9PQ6LuB9ed3_zGztk2-sy0zHPH9e_C-2y_uqLuDpry9AE-0K1UrzYmngpeuoFBh9WZE247Gd8I41cg/s320/GBFexYoXIAAxt6E.jpg" width="289" /></a></div><br /><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif;">There one can see the posts of Mehdal23 with its poster of Netanyahu's face slapped with a bloody hand and the slogan "Guilty of the Slaughter". There are other groups as well. Shikma Bressler and Moshe Radman Abutbol, leaders of "Force Kaplan", along with Ilan Shiloah and Ami Dror, pump out posts multiple times every time in sharp, berating and denigrating fashion. Their messaging, their visuals and their video clips have only increased in negative near hysterical tone. Ronen Tzur who advises many of the anti-Netanyahu groups is now positioned as publicist and strategist for the abductees campaign and is accused by families of those in Gaza of turning that forum into another venue for anti-Netanyahu rhetoric. Jarring indeed.</div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh88ZkAnMsM9yAqFzeRi5vTTWBhJP1tIYs9zpcb7q04trNmATh8jsdJJB4u8PHYvjvUQO0rOMm1kuGBY2KP43EzH-m3QFoTLeVe2eFJjBK2vub3SN_I0H2kXrmoUk7CGNOkjcRzEFdioJOkto_0moIM9WMIWNDddAfJ__j9X1eXY7tys8_UQl4qw/s526/384439992_23861252739030423_5885585314366387510_n.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="526" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh88ZkAnMsM9yAqFzeRi5vTTWBhJP1tIYs9zpcb7q04trNmATh8jsdJJB4u8PHYvjvUQO0rOMm1kuGBY2KP43EzH-m3QFoTLeVe2eFJjBK2vub3SN_I0H2kXrmoUk7CGNOkjcRzEFdioJOkto_0moIM9WMIWNDddAfJ__j9X1eXY7tys8_UQl4qw/s320/384439992_23861252739030423_5885585314366387510_n.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVpD7oZ7P6PkcY0jw0a_l2iQBDCDC1ChxLJdIhFP7wEP0Vj2z9XmmilmLWRz46ta3R-t-D-Q1IlkVCdmF_efm9R_YTNoAxPwe9q8TB16BhmC12hfOWffA2zYZT1Rp_YWkZIZLmnYPzBJUqg9gQYQDpcd1IPkkvhbAQWzAcu5PNjwMY9rd8KQGTvw/s526/387451179_23861492981960423_1411846516522242714_n.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="526" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVpD7oZ7P6PkcY0jw0a_l2iQBDCDC1ChxLJdIhFP7wEP0Vj2z9XmmilmLWRz46ta3R-t-D-Q1IlkVCdmF_efm9R_YTNoAxPwe9q8TB16BhmC12hfOWffA2zYZT1Rp_YWkZIZLmnYPzBJUqg9gQYQDpcd1IPkkvhbAQWzAcu5PNjwMY9rd8KQGTvw/s320/387451179_23861492981960423_1411846516522242714_n.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGDM2iPRtvyy52MEeDV1SZLEt3_NAQkLBuw-eaSgDIXWWkp7U172gRnHbbx43ZMOU2OS9Hi5BpQelcuRepVB_nm4SVXbn1kmppXT8NTDckSNjfGpY11MsxREfzrjlSb_EXj2WJ0Fxs5RzGVgRhNo9cV713XhVVLiu_OoCX77H3-OG0rgSDNMrbqA/s1080/387869719_288606954121195_662775045153671707_n.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1080" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGDM2iPRtvyy52MEeDV1SZLEt3_NAQkLBuw-eaSgDIXWWkp7U172gRnHbbx43ZMOU2OS9Hi5BpQelcuRepVB_nm4SVXbn1kmppXT8NTDckSNjfGpY11MsxREfzrjlSb_EXj2WJ0Fxs5RzGVgRhNo9cV713XhVVLiu_OoCX77H3-OG0rgSDNMrbqA/s320/387869719_288606954121195_662775045153671707_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNXoG906p3zJV77ag9NflATl4jqqv_EX6mdXKEhzIcdIYe1CgIwtOaoQIANltVa7AITxfWCjnkTH4tICRBL7UmM6JSnF9U7eBdKuvV2RzSlbP3g0QAmcRGt8U4NpeIo5QX978WZHxS-88GMRXzmbuE8aI37Te3CJ68MVies-xmcdNGglnamPlTJA/s1600/F1f3V1wX0AAOTQG.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1205" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNXoG906p3zJV77ag9NflATl4jqqv_EX6mdXKEhzIcdIYe1CgIwtOaoQIANltVa7AITxfWCjnkTH4tICRBL7UmM6JSnF9U7eBdKuvV2RzSlbP3g0QAmcRGt8U4NpeIo5QX978WZHxS-88GMRXzmbuE8aI37Te3CJ68MVies-xmcdNGglnamPlTJA/s320/F1f3V1wX0AAOTQG.jpeg" width="241" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoO0-fR3LjODAxc0PHaNbmzOwJiJsjw_gt-a0AG6K77s99EOoFvBEeYcgLScA-3Vt02r1SYGivy5la_EuKUZBJ4_m-4blUolbMQdqScg-K7_ZQqXg2erjKjnRYYShy2a4dx6SfDP91BzMX4kySx2aWmmuQ6f-yr5Dae041YDsunI6_SdBJZtGffg/s584/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%93%D7%9C.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="568" data-original-width="584" height="311" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoO0-fR3LjODAxc0PHaNbmzOwJiJsjw_gt-a0AG6K77s99EOoFvBEeYcgLScA-3Vt02r1SYGivy5la_EuKUZBJ4_m-4blUolbMQdqScg-K7_ZQqXg2erjKjnRYYShy2a4dx6SfDP91BzMX4kySx2aWmmuQ6f-yr5Dae041YDsunI6_SdBJZtGffg/s320/%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%93%D7%9C.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif;"><br /></div><div class="gmail_default" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: large;">^</div>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-39618770338701931102023-12-18T07:13:00.008+02:002023-12-18T07:29:57.762+02:00"Both Banks" a la Omar Bartov<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">I left this comment at <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xtP7CVSJGY">a talk</a>/interview in which Omer Bartov and Peter Beinart participated in of Democracy Now!:</span></p><p><span style="background-color: white; color: #0f0f0f; font-size: 14px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><i>At 10:10 on to 11:30 or so, on the issue of "from the Rive to the Sea" - a) historically, the Land of Israel as the Jewish national home always comprised of land on both banks on the Jordan River from Biblical times through Talmudic era* and also various foreign conquerors. b) actually, the League of Nations indicated in its 1922 decision that that was so but postponed full application of the Mandate for the reconstituted Jewish home due to Gt. Britain, illegally I would suuggest, bringing in Abdullah the Hashemeite of Saudi Arabia to newly-created Jordan. </i></span></span><span face="Roboto, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #0f0f0f; font-size: 14px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><i>c) the Israeli Right never intended to slaughter all the Arabs as the Hamas wishes to do and the Fatah wouldn't mind doing.</i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><span face="Roboto, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #0f0f0f; font-size: 14px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">* "</span><span style="color: #0f0f0f;"><span style="font-size: 14px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">We learned there in a mishna: Eretz Yisrael is divided into three separate lands...Judea, Transjordan, and the Galilee." <a href="https://www.sefaria.org.il/Pesachim.52b.2?lang=en&with=Talmud&lang2=en">Pesachim 52B</a>, for example</span></span></span></p><p><span face="Roboto, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #0f0f0f; font-family: georgia; font-size: 14px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Thanks to IB for the heads-up.</span></p><p><span face="Roboto, Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #0f0f0f; font-size: 14px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><i>^</i></span></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-58714917306675699862023-11-17T15:21:00.004+02:002023-11-17T15:21:31.703+02:00 The Storming of Haifa’s Maccabi Hall, 1934<p><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The storming of Haifa’s Maccabi
Hall, 1934</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">By Yisrael Medad<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><a href="https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/article-773579">Published in the Jerusalem Post Weekend Magazine, November 17, 2023</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">On Thursday evening, October 18,
1934, at 9:15 PM, Dr. Wolfgang-Ze'ev von Weisel ascended the platform of the Maccabi
Hall in Haifa</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> <span lang="EN-GB">located where Herzl and Balfour Streets join, near the old Reali
High School site</span></span><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">. He was facing less than 100 listeners
who had purchased tickets to hear him speak on the topic "The status of
the Jews in Europe and the Question of the Saar Region and the National
Petition". He never finished his presentation. In fact, he barely got a
word out.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="HE" style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Viennese-born, as his</span><span style="background: white; color: #121212; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> father, who was an officer of the
Austro-Hungarian Army, von Weisel also served and was wounded in World War I.
He came to Mandate Palestine in 1922 and was an instructor in the early Hagana
officers’ training school in 1924.</span><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> He became an early disciple of Ze'ev Jabotinsky and a leader in
the Revisionist Party. He was a renowned syndicated journalist and, covering
the outbreak of the 1929 riots in Jerusalem, he was stabbed and seriously
injured.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The anti-Revisionist atmosphere in
Haifa at that time was especially vitriolic especially following the murder of
Haim Arlosoroff in June 1933 with the suspicion of guilt falling on the
Revisionists. Mapia's</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> Haifa branch decided that Revisionists must be
"dismissed from work and deprived of their livelihoods; we must create an
atmosphere of moral contempt and personal boycott, on the streets, at work, and
wherever we can exert influence." This resulted at the end of July 1933 in
the dismissal of Revisionists and Betarim from jobs in Histadrut enterprises.<span style="color: black;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">A new labor clash, this one in Haifa at a
construction site, began to develop in January 1934. Contractor David Shmuel-David
was engaged in constructing an apartment building in the Herzliya neighborhood
just west of Hadar Hacarmel. He employed not only Histadrut-affiliated workers
but didn’t see any problem with Betarim even though, technically, they were
unorganized. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">On one occasion, when, short of laborers, he
asked of the Haifa Labor Council to employ Betarim in addition to Italians and
Arabs. That body insisted that he employ only organized labor and to exclude the
Betar members. When he refused and hired them anyway, the Labor Council called
a strike<span style="color: black;">. </span>Abba Hushi, head of the Haifa Labor
Council, spoke in the name of 6000 workers and felt he could bully anyone who
opposed his vision of "Labor Palestine".<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Betar
members who had been called in, were declared strikebreakers. Other buildings
in Haifa belonging to the contractor, as well as those of a Weinstein, were
demolished. The few Betarim who did get though and worked were repeatedly
attacked by mobs of party activists and the police had to intervene.
Previously, Mapai had sanctioned a muscle group set up by Yitzhak Ben-Aharon
called Hever Hape'ilim ("The Activists"), the practical organization of
which was in the hands of Ben-Aharon, Yosef Almogi of Haifa's Labor Council and
Yosef Avidar of the Tel Aviv Labor Council and also a member of the Hagana
command. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The rank and file were organized into
"Hapoel Squads," within the framework of the Hapoel Sports
Organization. They were controlled by the labor councils in the cities,
especially Tel Aviv and Haifa, which provided funds. </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Yet, by the Histadrut denying Betarim the right to
work because they were unorganized, and denying them the right to organize
themselves within their own labor exchange, the local labor councils left the
Betarim few alternatives other than breaking strikes so that they could earn
money for their physical existence. Clashes were inevitable.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Two additional occurrences fed into the
events of October 18. In July, Avraham Stavsky was found not guilty of
Arlosoroff's murder after a three-month long trial that filled the newspapers
almost daily. Moreover, in late August that year, the Revisionist movement
appealed to Mapai to reach understandings so as to remove from inter-party
activities any violence as well as to achieve a modus vivendi for resolving
labor disputes which had plagued the Yishuv ever since February 1928 and, in
greater intensity, since October 1932 when, at the Froumine Biscuit factory in
Givat Shaul in Jerusalem, Betarim were beaten up for strikebreaking. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">During an earlier discussion at a Mapai
Central Committee session in June 1934, Moshe Beilinson, member of the
Histadrut's Executive Committee, decried the fact that "Our movement's
image is becoming more and more distorted. For the past two years, the use of
physical force has become our answer to everything…We, for our part, have only
one response: force! Strikebreakers, unorganized labor, employment of Arabs,
children in uniforms we don't like, calling Stavsky to the Torah. Everything is
an abomination and our reaction is always the same: Let them have it!" His
criticism fell on deaf ears in Haifa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">In Haifa, it was Labor Zionist policy that
no Revisionist meeting could take place even in a closed hall and by
invitation. And so, outside the Maccabi Hall that Thursday evening were about
1500 protestors recruited from Hapoel squads, kibbutzim and socialist youth
movements. As soon as the meeting began, there were disturbances from several
socialists who had purchased tickets to be on the inside. The doors were broken
down and the mob began to stone those inside.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">A stink bomb was thrown which caused
vomiting and dizziness in the enclosed space. Windows were smashed. Furniture
was overturned. Over twenty people </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">(40 according to Haaretz, among them 7 police
personnel) </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">were injured, among them,
Von-Weisel himself whose head was cut. Four, including two children,
passers-by, required hospital treatment and one, 15-year old A, Rundstein, had
his head operated on. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;">Police officer Blumstein needed medical attention, too.
Fifteen were arrested but released on bond. </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">When
the contretemps ended, hundreds of labor youth movement members marched in
formation through the streets of downtown Haifa singing a workers' march, “<i>Kadima
HaPoel</i>”. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: navy;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; margin: 5pt 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">The immediate result was that the Betarim and
Revisionists gained much sympathy within the parties and non-socialist parties.
The Vaad Haleumi established an inquiry commission. At the Mapai Central
Committee convened on October 21, 1934, Golda Meyerson (later Meir) declared:
"How could our people sing that night in Haifa?! The youngsters who
participated in the action should at least have been ashamed and not flaunted
their 'victory'…to organize 1500 people in order to throw eighty Revisionists
out of a closed meeting, that's not brave."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; margin: 5pt 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Many more Mapai leaders recalled the view of Berl
Katznelson who earlier had identified Mapai’s problem of Mapai as the looming "fascisization
of the labor movement".<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; margin: 5pt 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Despite the gain, the Revisionists and the Betar
members lost a larger battle. Ben-Gurion's talks with and tentative agreements
with Jabotinsky in London mediated by Pinhas Rutenberg during 16 meetings that
were held over a period of a month in 1934, first broached in mid-August, were
put to the test in a vote of authorization by the members of a special
Histadrut convention on March 24, 1935.</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"> Those who opposed inner
Zionist peace numbered 11,522 and those who sought to continue the exclusionary
and discriminatory </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">policies garnered
16,474 votes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The socialist camp’s willingness to justify
violence against its ideological rivals stemmed from the European tradition of
the working-class who believed employing force to ensure the right to work, on
the one hand, and, on the other, identifying Revisionism with fascism on the background
of events in Berlin, Rome and more recently, Vienna. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">When that formula took hold, the next logical
step was to assume it was quite legitimate for workers to attack them even as
they were of the same economic class. In later years, the Yishuv would witness
the Saison campaign to hunt down members of the dissident undergrounds and the
Altalena Affair. The poison that temporarily reached a crescendo in Haifa has
seemingly continued its nefarious influence</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> as we witnessed the crashing of a Likud assembly in
Raanana</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"> on September 4 and the daubing of the Bet
Jabotinsky in red this past weekend in Tel Aviv.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">Among other sources, including the
press at the time, I note Anita Shapira's article, "</span></i><i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;">The debate in Mapai on the use of violence, 1932–1935", in <span style="background: white;">Studies in Zionism, 1981.</span></span></i><i><span dir="RTL" lang="HE" style="color: black; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"><span style="background: white;"><br /></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="background: white;">Some newspaper articles and a photograph of Wolfgang-Ze'ev von Weisel</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><i><span style="color: #333333; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi;"></span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEAOvegr6t3T28XlhPxAvok-8RjPzana6hZTUNLuEQpe3dqeSw5-wI099a3BZai_1LxOjIL9QALOkh_rtZHAzYsESGwZtBDLUoGgk-rg4Z5BIcXJj_PCmY4iALYhyCmUTvc7C_iuE39__jz2PNqjEzBfO4Vxysglv9q_H1R7Dnqh1aju2sll1gcw/s453/11-1-34.png" style="margin-left: 1em; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="384" data-original-width="209" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv96oer0dfpoS4im3HonkP10ygirbQXoFHrc2tR0hd1Jjy50jYvCjSS95-Xlgaf9A9xQ5YrGy7XaE_DW_g-6BkvTJEuIcplN4dLpLgk0jGYxO4LpFzYOjl_8dnP-PKWWDhWUPIHYjaiAL7XwC9sV6h3TD0D-DzioyhXvfbvPwWnapv0b6oELo2_g/w217-h400/oct%2019.png" width="217" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglKQ0TQpdf9thoOdd0yxM0AfdNKIUh2ZUmr2Nzjl_PpGwlIXlS3RyLLX7TewCUyILTZnPckAZoVRXAUWCaNQKkLdNeXTy6VhMaLc7cpQycayKWcXTaxc4Q6tQFX0K8VdVlrjbtDN_Hnz_pv8yT7vimY70yQOqjTtcdUV2Bm7H9CcPJ00nqRDYBfg/s684/pogrom.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="498" data-original-width="684" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglKQ0TQpdf9thoOdd0yxM0AfdNKIUh2ZUmr2Nzjl_PpGwlIXlS3RyLLX7TewCUyILTZnPckAZoVRXAUWCaNQKkLdNeXTy6VhMaLc7cpQycayKWcXTaxc4Q6tQFX0K8VdVlrjbtDN_Hnz_pv8yT7vimY70yQOqjTtcdUV2Bm7H9CcPJ00nqRDYBfg/w400-h291/pogrom.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;">"The Red Pogrom in Haifa"</div></i><p></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-77728617500808677682023-11-05T17:22:00.003+02:002023-11-09T12:46:49.275+02:00Arguing in the London Times over Jabotinsky's "Iron Wall"<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">On November 2 my response letter <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/times-letters-pressing-need-for-secure-and-safe-ai-systems-rgrfcsj5d">was published in the London Times</a>:</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAU48j13nFiT-aA8mWyqSF6ZFypkcau9v3P60OjHZjsK4HdcXrSRloXxR3UiJa9pFbGHb6OLNuKlgkaV7ZdEZrFBEU_Sc301o5JnyyZopfMraq5JXKZx7_FPIW6LkakGwFtk01hTH8QNX-AyeZeiLQy-XBIBvUygrzjWbPveJFyAB7FbHJcmb-hQ/s973/London%20Times%202-11-2023.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="973" data-original-width="493" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAU48j13nFiT-aA8mWyqSF6ZFypkcau9v3P60OjHZjsK4HdcXrSRloXxR3UiJa9pFbGHb6OLNuKlgkaV7ZdEZrFBEU_Sc301o5JnyyZopfMraq5JXKZx7_FPIW6LkakGwFtk01hTH8QNX-AyeZeiLQy-XBIBvUygrzjWbPveJFyAB7FbHJcmb-hQ/w203-h400/London%20Times%202-11-2023.jpg" width="203" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: georgia;">The letter to which I replied <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/times-letters-moral-legitimacy-of-military-action-in-gaza-znkxq9l9t">is here</a>:</span><p></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeEiXzKSqd2xepPewnLvNB7K3bNZ6Gb-ZYZPVGvJz3ZWo6BYm7co2z-L2VexwS1wjKzkCN1-sWX48Ayt_Ke_LlXEv_iBeFjcZ-1EvzKymHCbG0jPDF0jEjHz7yuKBh4qedIW3uKHb6Hth-uL5IYYTQMyKvz95QWp6GB8cS6gtGaFsYgoE-PMqZiw/s1095/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-10-31%20at%2009.40.12.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1095" data-original-width="633" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeEiXzKSqd2xepPewnLvNB7K3bNZ6Gb-ZYZPVGvJz3ZWo6BYm7co2z-L2VexwS1wjKzkCN1-sWX48Ayt_Ke_LlXEv_iBeFjcZ-1EvzKymHCbG0jPDF0jEjHz7yuKBh4qedIW3uKHb6Hth-uL5IYYTQMyKvz95QWp6GB8cS6gtGaFsYgoE-PMqZiw/w231-h400/WhatsApp%20Image%202023-10-31%20at%2009.40.12.jpeg" width="231" /></a></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p>Ze'ev Jabotinsky's article, The Iron Wall, translated into English, </span><a href="http://en.jabotinsky.org/media/9747/the-iron-wall.pdf" style="font-family: georgia;">is here</a><span style="font-family: georgia;">.</span><div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><a href="https://users.ox.ac.uk/~ssfc0005/The%20Iron%20Wall.html">Avi Shlaim wrote</a>:</span></div><div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><div></div></span></div><blockquote><div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><div>Toward the end of the article Jabotinsky went to some length to dispel any impression his analysis might have given that he despaired of the prospect of reaching an agreement with the Arabs of Palestine:</div><div><br /></div><div><i>I do not mean to assert that no agreement whatever is possible with the Arabs of the Land of Israel. But a voluntary agreement is just not possible. As long as the Arabs preserve a gleam of hope that they will succeed in getting rid of us, nothing in the world can cause them to relinquish this hope, precisely because they are not a rabble but a living people. And a living people will be ready to yield on such fateful issues only when they have given up all hope of getting rid of alien settlers. Only then will extremist groups with their slogans "No, never" lose their influence, and only then will their influence be transferred to more moderate groups. And only then will the moderates offer suggestions for compromise. Then only will they begin bargaining with us on practical matters, such as guarantees against pushing them out, and equality of civil and national rights.</i></div><div><br /></div><div>The article concluded with a profession of faith that peaceful coexistence between Arabs and Jews in Palestine would be possible, but only as a result of the construction of an impregnable wall:</div><div><br /></div><div><i>It is my hope and belief that we will then offer them guarantees that will satisfy them and that both peoples will live in peace as good neighbors. But the sole way to such an agreement is through the iron wall, that is to say, the establishment in Palestine of a force that will in no way be influenced by Arab pressure. In other words, the only way to achieve a settlement in the future is total avoidance of all attempts to arrive at a settlement in the present.</i></div><div>Moderate Zionists criticized the article, especially on the grounds that it was written from an immoral standpoint. Jabotinsky therefore wrote a second article, entitled "The Morality of the Iron Wall," in which he turned the tables on his critics. From the point of view of morality, he held, there were two possibilities: either Zionism was a positive phenomenon, or it was negative. This question required an answer before one became a Zionist. And all of them had indeed concluded that Zionism was a positive force, a moral movement with justice on its side. Now, "if the cause is just, justice must triumph, without regard to the assent or dissent of anyone else."</div></span></div><div></div></blockquote><div><br /></div><div><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span></p></div>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-75769358916089702782023-10-29T22:33:00.005+02:002023-10-29T22:33:35.818+02:00Was 'Palestine' Actually Syria?<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Let's check on that way back when:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;">"In 1917, Ramallah-born New York surgeon, Fuad Isa Shatara, and N.A. Katibah founded the Palestine Antizionism Society. It was among the organizers of an anti-Zionist rally on November 8, 1918 in Brooklyn. Besides the two founders, the young Lebanese Orientalist Philip Khoury Hitti made an appearance as a speaker at the event. The rally passed a resolution, describing the Arabs at risk of being dominated by “a race rendered more powerful and wealthy through contact with the western civilization thus applying might against right” and protesting the “artificial importation of Zionists flooding the country against its natural capacities and thus forcing an emigration of the rightful inhabitants.”227 Thus, by 1918, the anti-Zionist Arab-American movement had already found both its central arguments and its leaders. Rihani, Hitti and Shatara would shape the movement over the next two decades. The Arab Americans worked to influence the State Department and other influential elements of the foreign policy strata. Fuad Shatara of the Palestine Antizionism Society wrote two letters to Secretary of State Robert Lansing in November 1918 and February 1919, arguing that Zionism was in contravention to Wilson’s Fourteen Points.228 In December 1918, Hitti and George Khairalla established the New Syria National League. The group lobbied for the establishment of a Greater Syria under American protection, reaching from the Sinai to the Euphrates.229 These groups intensified their activities in light of the upcoming peace conference in Paris. Shatara and Hitti reached out to John Huston Finley, the chief of the Red Cross Commission in Palestine, asking Finley not to detach Palestine from Greater Syria.230 During the conference, Hitti’s New Syria National League also sent a telegram to Wilson, Lloyd George and Clemenceau advocating an American protectorate over Syria. 231" </span> </blockquote><p></p><p>227 “Untitled,” New York Times, November 9, 1917; cited in Davidson, “Debating Palestine,” 230; see also Knee, “The King-Crane Commission of 1919,” 204. 228 Davidson, “Debating Palestine,” 231. 229 The Formation of Modern Iraq and Syria (Routledge, 2013), 147. 230 Knee, The Concept of Zionist Dissent in the American Mind, 1917-1941, 205. 231 The Formation of Modern Iraq and Syria, 147.</p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">From <a href="https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/153223/1/153223.pdf">this thesis</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-25292769420367148572023-10-03T08:06:00.002+03:002023-10-05T12:20:31.003+03:00A Pro-Israel Question at a State Department Presser (UPDATED)<p><span style="font-family: georgia;"> A rarety.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">A pro-Israel question at <a href="https://www.state.gov/briefings/department-press-briefing-october-2-2023/#post-487380-india-canada">a State Department Presser</a>:</span></p><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></p></div><blockquote><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Okay. In light – thanks, Matt. In light of UNRWA donors’ – that’s a UN agency – recent meetings at the UN, will the U.S. ask the UN to inspect and disarm UNRWA refugee camps that have become well-equipped arsenals? And I have a follow-up question. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> Do you mean – where particularly do you mean? </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> In the Middle East. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> In the Middle – yeah. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> In the Middle East. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> UN Relief and Works Agency.</p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Okay, so regarding Israel — </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> I was – I wanted to get a little more specific. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> — and the Palestinian idea. But the UNRWA issue, so — </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p id="post-487380-ispal2" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> So I will say that, as we have said before, we have long recognized Israel’s right to defend itself and take actions to secure its territory. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> Okay. The follow-up to that is: Will the U.S. challenge the official Palestinian school curriculum, which rejects the two-state solution by teaching the next generation to reject any recognition of Israel? </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> So, I will say that we support the two-state solution. You’ve seen me asked about that on a number of occasions. That will continue to be our policy, and that will be our policy as it pertains to anyone on either side of this longstanding conflict who wants to take a different position. </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">QUESTION:</span> What about those well-equipped arsenals and the concerns that Israel has that are happening – that are occurring in the UN agency UNRWA camps? </p></div><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MR MILLER:</span> Again, as I’ve said, we support Israel’s right to secure its nation.</p></div></blockquote><div class="wp-block-paragraph" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Who was the journalist?*</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr1cayp5AkGZ011Epx8jIDnyy7qFy6adsSuoSm8cFhbYK8ze_5BvGamTvjMgABr9YsRnhVEWQrnUu2Dn82B1JjiOmYOFy111fHAGK8zCmb4kjrIMkXxIwf056GTrfPlkUSOipMmxqyz_NwOG9AtSrzJObZI0ScX_Z7GUSXk4XCM7PwdCNodwLddw/s446/who.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="446" height="336" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr1cayp5AkGZ011Epx8jIDnyy7qFy6adsSuoSm8cFhbYK8ze_5BvGamTvjMgABr9YsRnhVEWQrnUu2Dn82B1JjiOmYOFy111fHAGK8zCmb4kjrIMkXxIwf056GTrfPlkUSOipMmxqyz_NwOG9AtSrzJObZI0ScX_Z7GUSXk4XCM7PwdCNodwLddw/w400-h336/who.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">*</p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variant-position: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: georgia;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.2px;">The journalist is Dr. Anthony Harper of InterMountain Christian News</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px; line-height: 28px; margin: 20px auto; max-width: 750px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant-caps: inherit; font-variant-ligatures: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.2px;">^</span></p></div>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-11031304295072090072023-09-21T09:21:00.009+03:002023-09-22T16:39:44.188+03:00Marking the Centenary of Berlin's Scheunenviertel Pogrom<p><span style="font-family: georgia;"> It was, as claimed, the first pogrom in Berlin.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">It took place in the </span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 0px; color: #333333; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: georgia; font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.slowtravelberlin.com/berlins-vanished-jewish-quarter/">Scheunenviertel</a> (Barn) quarter in the first week of November 1923. It was termed the </span></span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: georgia;">"<i>Ostjudenpogrom</i>". The <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheunenviertel_(Berlin)">area is today</a>, less than one-half square mile, is now Berlin's Mitte district, not far from the historic city center, north of the city wall between Hackescher Markt and today's Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz.</span></p><p><span style="color: #333333; font-family: georgia;"><a href="https://www.everestate.com/blog/a-walking-tour-of-scheunenviertel">Earlier in 1923</a>:</span></p><p><span style="color: #333333; font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="color: #333333; font-family: georgia;">the Berlin police chief Wilhelm Richter ordered a large-scale raid against the Jewish population in the Scheunenviertel, during which around 300 Jewish men [eventually <a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/expulsion-of-jews-as-jews-denied-by-germany">to reach some 1500]</a>, women and children were picked up by the police and interned in a “Jewish camp” near Zossen, a chilling precursor to what would happen over the next 20 years.</span></blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">That <a href="https://academic.oup.com/book/43835/chapter-abstract/370812269?redirectedFrom=fulltext">referred to</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;">popular violence against Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe during the Weimar Republic, their incarceration in camps in Pomerania and Bavaria during the early 1920s</span></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Specifically, the so-called Bavarian “Ostjuden Deportation” of October 1923 when Gustav Ritter von Kahr was appointed by Bavarian President Eugen von Knilling (BVP) as state commissioner general (Generalstaatskommissar) with dictatorial powers under Article 64 of the Bamberg (Bavarian) Constitution. Kahr refused to ban the Nazi Party newspaper Völkischer Beobachter, on 29 September he suspended the enforcement in Bavaria of the Law for the Protection of the Republic and in mid-October, Kahr had <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Ritter_von_Kahr#Conflicts_with_the_Reich_government">several hundred Jewish families who had immigrated from Eastern Europe decades earlier expelled from Bavaria</a> (See: "The Expulsion of Jews with Polish Citizenship from Bavaria in 1923, Józef Adelson, <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1rmh3j">POLIN, 2008</a>). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">As <a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/jews-deported-from-bavaria-by-hundreds">reported in the JTA</a> on Ocotober 29, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Two hundred Jewish families have already been expelled from Bavaria and as many are awaiting deportation... including Jews who, while not subjects of the Bavarian State, are citizens of the Reich...A number of East-European Jews from Austria are also among the evicted. </span>The houses owned by the deportees have been requisitioned for the alleged purpose of housing the refugees from the Ruhr district...The Voelkishe Beabachter, organ of Adolph Hitler, disregarding the Jews’ plea, continues the publication of the names of Jews not yet expelled, demanding the confiscation of their property as well as of those already deported.</span></blockquote><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></blockquote><p></p><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Moreover, "</span><span style="font-family: georgia;"><a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/expelled-jews-must-leave-property-in-bavaria">an order has been issued</a> by Dictator von Kahr to the Jews expelled from Bavaria, that their property must not be removed from the country. </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Jewish business men and manufacturers have received orders from the police authorities that the machinery and equipment of their factories as well as their products must remain in Bavaria, and their factories must be conducted in their absence by managers appointed for the purpose." </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The event went international <a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/dmowski-warns-bavaria">at the end of November when</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;">Foreign Minister Roman Dmowski of Poland has addressed a new note to Bavaria protesting the expulsions from Bavaria of Jews who are Polish citizens...</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">the deportations are contrary to international law as well as the common principles of humanity. In conclusion, M. Dmowski threatens to order the deportation of German citizens on Polish soil if the expulsions of Polish citizens are continued.</span></blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Austria and Spain <a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/jewish-expulsions-from-bavaria-decried-in-vienna-berlin-madrid-warsaw">became involved</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">To return to the </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">events of the Berlin pogrom:</span></p><p><a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/jews-of-berlin-attacked-by-mob-of-30000"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Jews of Berlin Attacked by Mob of 30,000</span></a> <span style="font-family: georgia;">November 6, 1923</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;">"...a mob of 30,000 stronge invaded the Jewish sections of the city and carried out the first pogrom in the history of Berlin. </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Anti-Jewish riots commencing in the afternoon in Grenadierstrasse, and Dragonerstrasse, inhabited largely by East-European Jews, </span></blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi9c3Fm5ybmmUF3dYzSw1wf0LIRtp57Jimtl7uwn5W1e-mRuZqfpKMEgS0gAswcfEnbb5h0d3mVxYHeUIOyw41AE9_Kj_Bz4gZEf_n4d30L6sJdtSa8Ud9R6HSj-8ZvGo2rWWhMu9njCZPG1iaTR3VIZvMuPCk0wo_DBaZh29WpjLhnahXt1SXeA/s634/scheun.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="465" data-original-width="634" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhi9c3Fm5ybmmUF3dYzSw1wf0LIRtp57Jimtl7uwn5W1e-mRuZqfpKMEgS0gAswcfEnbb5h0d3mVxYHeUIOyw41AE9_Kj_Bz4gZEf_n4d30L6sJdtSa8Ud9R6HSj-8ZvGo2rWWhMu9njCZPG1iaTR3VIZvMuPCk0wo_DBaZh29WpjLhnahXt1SXeA/w400-h294/scheun.png" width="400" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/466601/1/1222284.pdf"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Source</span></a></div></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">spread by the evening to all quarters of the city housing Jewish residents...</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">No Jew was safe on Berlin streets yesterday and it is too early to say that greater security prevails today. Jewish passers by were stopped at every turn, were searched, maltreated, robbed of their possessions and stripped of their clothes, some being left only in their undergarments. </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Homes of Jews were searched for food and money, owners offering the least resistance being severely beaten.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Shops owned by Jews were plundered of their contents which were hurled through the windows smashed by the hooligans in order to gain entrance. Jewish tenement dwellers were dragged from their beds and driven to the streets in their night clothes.</span></p><p>...<span style="font-family: georgia;">That the anti-Jewish riots were premeditated and well-organized is shown by the fact that on a given signal the plundering and mobbing would begin, and at a sign from a specially organized corp the anti-Jewish excesses would end.</span></p><p>...<span style="font-family: georgia;">The Tageblatt and the Local Anzeiger remark it is significant that the mob attack was not sporadic, but broke out simultaneously in the Muezastrasse, Gormmanstrasse, Linienstrasse, Grenadierstrasse, Dragonerstrasse. Lilienstrasse, where many residences and practically all shops were systematically plundered, the wares being distributed among the waiting crowd. Especially in the clothing and piece-goods district were the wares seized and cut up to be carried away by the rioters...</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Herr Kopf, manager of the “Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith” received several blows from a black-jack as he was caught in a crowd swarming towards the Boerse and shouting “Death to Jews”.</span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Reports {as referenced in Dunker, Der Reichsbund judischer Frontsoldaten 1919-1938: Geschichte eines judischen </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">Abwehrvereins, 53; "Der Bund judischer Frontsoldaten vor Gericht," Judische Rundschau, no. 40 (1924)}</span><span style="font-family: georgia;"> noted</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span></p><blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;">While the police had not arrived members of the Reichsbund Judischer Frontsoldaten </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">(Jewish Veteran Association) assembled at the Jewish community centre on the </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">nearby Rosenstrasse. Cadres of members, some of which were armed with pistols </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">and rubber truncheons were formed and began patrolling the area, guarding </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">synagogues and defending local Jews against the looters. </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">On Bulowplatz, the Reichsbund cadres clashed with a group of some hundred rioters. In this situation, </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">the veterans seek support from a passing by police patrol that refuses and leaves the </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">area. In the following melee, a shot rang out fatally wounding a rioter.</span></blockquote><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The failure of the Munich Beer Hall Putsch in Bavaria <a href="https://www.jta.org/archive/bavaria-not-to-modify-expulsion-decree">did not deter the authorities there</a> from halting the earlier deportations.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">A precursor to the atmosphere which allowed Hitler to commence the Holocaust.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-62159249237322967752023-08-10T10:27:00.004+03:002023-08-10T10:27:44.322+03:00Timeline of the Crisis<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Taking an idea from Yishai Friedman of Shvi'i, here is a contribution to understanding how we in Israel got to where we are in the summer of 2023:</span></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Timeline<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">1980
Aharon Barak, appointed as a Supreme Court Justice in 1978, employs for the
first time the Reasonableness Standard that would justify a governmental
institution decision<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="background: white; direction: ltr; line-height: 16.0pt; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="color: #333333;">1986 Ressler case and
Barak devoted twenty-five pages to the issue of justiciability and delineated
two classic categories of justiciability, normative and institutional. By </span><span style="background: white; color: #333333;">doing
away with institutional non-justiciability, Barak challenges the common
conception of the separation of powers</span><span style="color: #333333;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">1992
In March, the Knesset passes two basic laws aimed at protecting human rights:
Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation and Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty. Both
those basic laws contain a “limitation clause”: “One is not to violate the
rights in accordance to this Basic Law save by means of a law that corresponds
to the values of the state of Israel”. Pre-1992 legislation was shielded from
constitutionality review. <span style="background: white; color: #404041;"> Criticism
maintained that the 1992 basic laws did not really authorize the Court to
strike down legislation as this was allegedly not the legislative intent and
because the laws were adopted were not sufficient to afford them with
constitutional status superior to ordinary legislation. (For instance, Basic
Law: Human Dignity and Liberty was supported by 32 members of the Knesset, and
21 members opposed it—most members did not vote. Basic Law: Freedom of
Occupation was adopted by 21 members without opposition.) Moreover, the review
involves value judgments and those should be decided by democratically elected
representatives and not unaccountable judges.</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="ydp54a1a037cf-tweet-this" dir="LTR" style="margin-top: 0cm;"><span style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">1995 Barak, then president of the Supreme Court,
announced that a constitutional revolution, a phrase he coined, was taking
place in Israel based on his own interpretation of the Basic Laws enacted by
the Knesset in 1992 as having the force of a constitution. Since then the
Supreme Court has struck down 22 laws that were enacted by the Knesset. It
intervened in decisions of the Israeli security agencies and even invalidated
administrative decisions of the Israeli government and its ministers. All
this was done without any legal basis; that is, without the consent of the
Knesset, which is solely invested with the power to draft and adopt a
constitution.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p dir="LTR" style="background: white; margin-bottom: 19.5pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="color: #333333;">November
9, 1995 the</span><span style="background: white; color: #404041;"> landmark case United Mizrahi Bank v.
Migdal when the Supreme Court declared that basic laws are superior to regular
laws and declared it may strike down Knesset statutes that are incompatible
with the terms of the limitation clauses in the two basic laws from 1992. </span><span style="color: #404041;">It
would do so based on an evaluation process consisting of three main stages: if
there is an infringement of a constitutionally protected right with an
expansive interpretation of constitutional rights necessary for a dignified
existence. If a protected right has been infringed, the second stage is whether
the infringement was grounded in legislation that corresponds to the values of
the state of Israel (defined in the two basic laws from 1992 as Jewish and
Democratic) and serves an appropriate purpose. The third stage is the
“proportionality” stage, i.e., if <span style="background: white;">the harm to
constitutional rights does not outweigh the social gains achieved by the
reviewed law. If the harm clearly exceeds the gains, the law will be
invalidated.</span></span><span style="color: #333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: left; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">February 14, 1999 an
estimated 350,000 Haredi demonstrators called on the justices not to interfere
in matters of religion</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="HE" style="line-height: 115%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-align: left; text-autospace: none; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2015 Elections. Seven months later, investigation of Gidi Wetz
on Netanyahu's influence on Walla! News site. It will develop into Case 4000
(see below). In August, demonstrations against the gas deal led by Orly
Bar-Lev, Gonen Ben-Yitzhak and others.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2016
Police open investigations into Case 1000 (benefits from Milchen and Parker);
Case 2000 (Netanyahu and Noni Mozes of Yedioth Ahronot); and Case 3000 (the
submarine affair). Attorney-General Avicahi Mandleblit was under pressure of
weekly demos at his Petah Tikva house to authorize, as per law, investigations
of a sitting Prime Minister.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">June
2017 Case 4000 (Eluvitz and Netanyahu charged for favorable financial terms for
Bezeq purchase, in essence, bribery). Later that year, the "Balfour
Protest" erupts. August Ari Harow turns state's witness after incarceration.
September Supreme Court annuls, again, amended Mobilization Law.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2018
Shlomo Filber, former Director-General of the Telecommunications Ministry turns
state's witness after incarceration. Avigdor Lieberman leaves the coalition.
Yair Lapid refuses to vote for an additional Mobilization Law.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="font-family: georgia;"><span style="line-height: 107%;">2019
April – Knesset elections. September – second round of elections.</span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" style="line-height: 107%;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span style="line-height: 107%;">November
21 – Attorney-General Avichai Mandelblit charges Netanyahu with behavior of</span><span style="background: white; color: #202122; line-height: 107%;"> </span><span style="background: white; line-height: 107%;">bribery<span style="color: #202122;">, </span>fraud<span style="color: #202122;">, and breach of trust</span></span><span style="line-height: 107%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2020
– March – elections for 23<sup>rd</sup> Knesset. Unity government formed.
"Black Flags" demonstrations begin led by siblings Yarden, Shikma
(Bressler) and Eyal Schwartzman.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">October
- Amit Segal leaks tape of Attorney-General Mandelblit implying he was being blackmailed
to tailor a case against Netanyahu thus feeding supporting an unsubstantiated
conspiracy theory that the attorney general had been blackmailed by the State Attorney
Shai Nitzan. Government fails to pass the budget, Netanyahu rather than passing
premiership to Gantz calls for elections.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2021
– March 23 elections held but only in late May was a coalition formed when
Netanyahu failed and then Bennett's Yamina joined with Bennett, with 6 seats,
becoming first of a new prime minister rotation agreement. In May, Arab-Jewish
mixed-city riots broke out. Black Flags demos halt whereas rightwing
demonstrators pressure Yamina MKs.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2022
– April 6 MK Idit Silman resigns leading to elections which took place on
November 1, the fifth round in four years. According to the rotation agreement,
upon the dissolution of the Knesset, Yair Lapid became Prime Minister on July
1. The new coalition was represented by 64 MKs. In December, opponents of the
new coalition began to meet to plan grassroots campaign of demonstrations.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;"><span style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: georgia;">2023
– January 3 – Yariv Levin, Justice Minister, announces elements of a judicial
reform legislation. January 14 – protests begin.</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="HE" style="font-family: "Arial",sans-serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ascii-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face"; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-font-family: "Baskerville Old Face";"><o:p></o:p></span></p><br /><p></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-73133200002909355982023-06-29T23:53:00.003+03:002023-06-29T23:53:16.649+03:00Interviewed on Polish Television<p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><a href="https://tvpworld.com/70902218/us-state-department-deeply-troubled-by-israeli-palestinian-tensions">Here</a>.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWYkjWEyg_sopEOSta-p6zsjuZa56Be1eGOPdmUgdU9mTgWROtY4jaxZtuxbOXCBLJeOzvErZYCe2USxF4h_s1ul8T1dQBoRa-0YCFukBhB2MD4DqI9degr5mQ_1Wjq0wAJ4525Il-csfUUj13tF7W0ynl4uTC7UR9OVUHnpP1z2CSDYgPB0YX-g/s1025/pppp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="290" data-original-width="1025" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWYkjWEyg_sopEOSta-p6zsjuZa56Be1eGOPdmUgdU9mTgWROtY4jaxZtuxbOXCBLJeOzvErZYCe2USxF4h_s1ul8T1dQBoRa-0YCFukBhB2MD4DqI9degr5mQ_1Wjq0wAJ4525Il-csfUUj13tF7W0ynl4uTC7UR9OVUHnpP1z2CSDYgPB0YX-g/w400-h114/pppp.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaDwND21SqLVFnW8FNNJVkK9_kHqVADBewfCQeHmWnD8JrUYlqe1Y207xOpzOZZyfNUlM4c-fIhn9Ja7jgcDiCZlfXuvoDZV5uF1kMJ7qSeZ6VgYKSRZZtTe9JHeCtFhxV5p9CsRBxnhYwxhngExDuuKDy19BMD7vMX_Z8BF8l26qCauPY42IW8Q/s1007/tvp2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="516" data-original-width="1007" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgaDwND21SqLVFnW8FNNJVkK9_kHqVADBewfCQeHmWnD8JrUYlqe1Y207xOpzOZZyfNUlM4c-fIhn9Ja7jgcDiCZlfXuvoDZV5uF1kMJ7qSeZ6VgYKSRZZtTe9JHeCtFhxV5p9CsRBxnhYwxhngExDuuKDy19BMD7vMX_Z8BF8l26qCauPY42IW8Q/w400-h205/tvp2.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvEp4eY0E51lMfvkdA96VnOyW-dxOKl0k0nBSjTY9kkvVYM-lL3iNp7n0MZ2eITY2jHZZwapf-QN2hAtYY0QbXrwqUAvorxPvQHdiX8cQOz5pZQZ1sydXxlxTvoPmqbQOg6sNJS9sMYSJ37OdwLeFIdXtqEdEdJCDQvoDpOW4xZ3ETKlfmK1_gpQ/s1011/tvp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="434" data-original-width="1011" height="171" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvEp4eY0E51lMfvkdA96VnOyW-dxOKl0k0nBSjTY9kkvVYM-lL3iNp7n0MZ2eITY2jHZZwapf-QN2hAtYY0QbXrwqUAvorxPvQHdiX8cQOz5pZQZ1sydXxlxTvoPmqbQOg6sNJS9sMYSJ37OdwLeFIdXtqEdEdJCDQvoDpOW4xZ3ETKlfmK1_gpQ/w400-h171/tvp.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvwYwmiitCFpHp7uWj0s1RDmdn3QELraHaojVOHzWPsadUwbDBfFMAXRgMfOmQpqrLO5Uzytpvl6Z8Ztlk3bO8Xt5cFp7eR3qMZ7YrMSAM1kjwm5gLiTmliW3ITuLObyl_70XX6ufXhMjRNNHaEdlAnlKaifXB_yo7hxh8t4t9kxoc-Qj8z0JPsg/s1091/poland%2028-6-23.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="679" data-original-width="1091" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvwYwmiitCFpHp7uWj0s1RDmdn3QELraHaojVOHzWPsadUwbDBfFMAXRgMfOmQpqrLO5Uzytpvl6Z8Ztlk3bO8Xt5cFp7eR3qMZ7YrMSAM1kjwm5gLiTmliW3ITuLObyl_70XX6ufXhMjRNNHaEdlAnlKaifXB_yo7hxh8t4t9kxoc-Qj8z0JPsg/w400-h249/poland%2028-6-23.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p>^</p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-32041232324632092932023-06-18T09:00:00.007+03:002023-06-18T09:00:45.545+03:00"Palestine" - Part of Greater Syria<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">From "<a href="https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/10.3366/hls.2007.0021">Missouri Zion, Missouri Intifada: Mormonism, Zionism and the Palestine Conflict</a>", Graham St. John Stott, Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Volume 6, Number 1, May
2007, Edinburgh University Press:</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsywwP1jFiIlkCSF8Tj71yduUjaGoPOBmXLSOu61orYp-6zjQvHDHLkakhRyzV511lmxzIf920G6gzunZaAhH9tTQ6Qj8uOsnU-4jUly-kCJ7CDwuioZFF3TQsKCJ9R3iTDS4woHZGJatYtR1qAGquvLj93k523cOe7MIccUMhzHYlIwJZvoE/s483/syria.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="286" data-original-width="483" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsywwP1jFiIlkCSF8Tj71yduUjaGoPOBmXLSOu61orYp-6zjQvHDHLkakhRyzV511lmxzIf920G6gzunZaAhH9tTQ6Qj8uOsnU-4jUly-kCJ7CDwuioZFF3TQsKCJ9R3iTDS4woHZGJatYtR1qAGquvLj93k523cOe7MIccUMhzHYlIwJZvoE/w400-h236/syria.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span><p></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-16253539446045756932023-06-16T08:46:00.001+03:002023-06-16T08:46:31.845+03:00The Palestine Mandate Flag<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Thanks to <a href="https://onegshabbat.blogspot.com/2023/06/1936.html">this story</a> of the arrival from Germany in 1935 of the tourist ship, Tel Aviv, we know that flag of the mandate was not as many have claimed - the blue-and-white version similar to our current flag - but one with a Union Jack and a circle with 'Palestine' inside</span></p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Des</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">c</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">ription in the Haaretz news item:</span><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAMOvQouggfbyBTNSZzfw40Uq07w_cD1rjK-_X5kL037kirlEUjA1wCmPgl5BKQpk3OyAcF9kHvuhgTh5Yoe8ScVXEZp6uI8bpTWOBSNYTF88iziYBtz6IRNeDXMqLYWiROmb2PUUE5Z02d-D3W26xz-t46w9ZP0BD149GJoIc4fNDqRKYlLo/s639/degel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="438" data-original-width="639" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAMOvQouggfbyBTNSZzfw40Uq07w_cD1rjK-_X5kL037kirlEUjA1wCmPgl5BKQpk3OyAcF9kHvuhgTh5Yoe8ScVXEZp6uI8bpTWOBSNYTF88iziYBtz6IRNeDXMqLYWiROmb2PUUE5Z02d-D3W26xz-t46w9ZP0BD149GJoIc4fNDqRKYlLo/w400-h274/degel.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5N3mpvXWseX1JKkygH9zK1jr4zojG71frZ2RpI_3IO4Dn0lnTJoEJYI5mXjjzlrcUkl6i8zJcvmbRZTOT-Fec2NPiXc0CRd_ZLf7q31Lxu1shENnRgGzg1idfa4HOL9cMmaCPtgpC1kq41aRibMX6sxGEaA9jItgd-TUzvUOJe1_zmFUUbl0/s336/%D7%93%D7%92%D7%9C1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="197" data-original-width="336" height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5N3mpvXWseX1JKkygH9zK1jr4zojG71frZ2RpI_3IO4Dn0lnTJoEJYI5mXjjzlrcUkl6i8zJcvmbRZTOT-Fec2NPiXc0CRd_ZLf7q31Lxu1shENnRgGzg1idfa4HOL9cMmaCPtgpC1kq41aRibMX6sxGEaA9jItgd-TUzvUOJe1_zmFUUbl0/w400-h235/%D7%93%D7%92%D7%9C1.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifYEedguyZV91T5lwFpykOKhrLHEJxvj18NjzuquhruzGkOUXGGAPHFP6Hg9dpnDUCq_L2l_9J1_0ZeGHz0L7MEBWZj6P87LrhX_wy5Nx2HJGhypMoGIBHXC8xQTD2WFc5FBEsHBrpB66p4pdwxnTUOB6A4rx_L7U2EjVQob-jd3DpyE9GBEQ/s1280/flag2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1280" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifYEedguyZV91T5lwFpykOKhrLHEJxvj18NjzuquhruzGkOUXGGAPHFP6Hg9dpnDUCq_L2l_9J1_0ZeGHz0L7MEBWZj6P87LrhX_wy5Nx2HJGhypMoGIBHXC8xQTD2WFc5FBEsHBrpB66p4pdwxnTUOB6A4rx_L7U2EjVQob-jd3DpyE9GBEQ/w400-h200/flag2.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div>^</div>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-4043699350605147782023-06-12T07:07:00.005+03:002023-06-12T07:07:56.168+03:00Jabotinsky, Zionism and ... Mormonism<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">From "<a href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/217390/pdf">Missouri Zion, Missouri Intifada: Mormonism, Zionism and the Palestine Conflict</a>" by Graham St. John Stott, published in Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal, Edinburgh University Press, Volume 6, Number 1, May 2007:</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidIyedPevVvzHe8IwDSXmEpusec1QsQuSnDlS9QsN2TNGlnaEhemlbwBB7nPBPhn1EunZ11W6-vj2_UD_7WmvsQayxn6GseCqtU3uTHfLerbDLAqztAsC7WntYFUXunSXE943PzvDqejx3UA5dFMZIq6Esp5jw2-Hww-hFV8xz2-mXSzWVDFY/s451/jabo%20mormonism.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="363" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidIyedPevVvzHe8IwDSXmEpusec1QsQuSnDlS9QsN2TNGlnaEhemlbwBB7nPBPhn1EunZ11W6-vj2_UD_7WmvsQayxn6GseCqtU3uTHfLerbDLAqztAsC7WntYFUXunSXE943PzvDqejx3UA5dFMZIq6Esp5jw2-Hww-hFV8xz2-mXSzWVDFY/w323-h400/jabo%20mormonism.png" width="323" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span><p></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-79776850914897312262023-04-24T12:32:00.003+03:002023-04-24T12:32:23.398+03:00Restoring the Jews<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">The Christian theological conceptualization of the Jewish people's <a href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/476286">restoration to their national home</a> dovetailed with the Biblical and Talmudic idea of the return to Zion. There is another meaning to "restoration" which is interpreted as the "restoration of the Israelites, who were formerly rejected, and the bringing them back to the communion of God in Christ". As is <a href="https://gentlereformation.com/2019/05/02/the-restoration-of-the-jews/">recorded</a>: "In July of 1696, the New England Puritan Cotton Mather wrote in his diary: “<i>This day, from the dust, where I lay prostrate, before the Lord, I lifted up my cries […] For the conversion of the Jewish Nation, and for my own having the happiness, at some time or other, to baptize a Jew, that should by my ministry, be brought home to the Lord</i>.”"</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">This concept of Jewish restoration to Palestine as was argued by some of its proponents "for Jewish supremacy over Gentiles in the millennial period." For those <a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-04762-1_7">who promoted the idea</a>, there was an element of "Judeo-centrism".</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCGLLbbOHFP_0VzcRtRO69nnLi2qcSnnRB-sNisx40fr3simcHh-VxFyaRDeTkvqDhP9LLGmC5qc-NCvSWttEnzSZAl4XTlPrFJ-k0kUU7XfA2-4R7MHPv5y30hNIxjj5mC5kjZIbhH2Gk1QgOsqNS6JO_EH1O7C9pAT-nedAmX78q4m-1PRo/s571/%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%93.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="571" data-original-width="407" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCGLLbbOHFP_0VzcRtRO69nnLi2qcSnnRB-sNisx40fr3simcHh-VxFyaRDeTkvqDhP9LLGmC5qc-NCvSWttEnzSZAl4XTlPrFJ-k0kUU7XfA2-4R7MHPv5y30hNIxjj5mC5kjZIbhH2Gk1QgOsqNS6JO_EH1O7C9pAT-nedAmX78q4m-1PRo/w285-h400/%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%93.png" width="285" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: georgia;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">I have extracted a considerable amount of quotations from <a href="https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1028&context=pretrib_arch">this source</a> to show that the idea of Jews going home ot the Land of Israel was a constant throughout the centuries, from the 13th on. (The footnotes can be found at the source)</span></p><p></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><blockquote><p class="MsoNormal">one who held to a Jewish restoration is Gerard of Borgo San
Donnino (around 1255). He taught that some Jews would be blessed as Jews in the
end time and would return to their ancient homeland.18<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>John of Rupescissa (ca. 1310–1366) could most
likely be viewed as a Christian Zionist. “For him the converted Jews would
become God’s new imperial nation and Jerusalem would be completely rebuilt to
become the center of the purified faith. For proof he drew on a literal exposition
of the Old Testament prophecies which until then had been read by Christian
exegetes to apply either to the time of the incarnation or to the heavenly
Jerusalem in the beyond.”19<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">it was out of the English Puritan movement that this belief
sprung. “Starting with the Puritan ascendancy,” notes Tuchman, “the movement
among the English for the return of the Jews to Palestine began.”32 Why the
Puritan? Puritans were not just dissenters, they were a Protestant sect that
valued the Old Testament to an unprecedented degree in their day.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">One of the first Englishman to put forth the view that the
Jews should be restored to the land of Israel was a scholar who had taken two
degrees from Cambridge named Francis Kett. In 1585 he had published a book
entitled The Glorious and Beautiful Garland of Mans Glorification Containing
the Godly Misterie of Heavenly Jerusalem (one of the shorter titles of the
day). While his book primarily dealt with other matters, Kett did have a
section in which he mentioned “the notion of Jewish national return to
Palestine.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As the 1600s arrived, a flurry of books advocating Jewish
restoration to their land began to appear. Thomas Draxe released in 1608 The
Worldes Resurrection: On the general calling of the Jews, A familiar Commentary
upon the eleventh Chapter of Saint Paul to the Romaines, according to the sense
of Scripture. Draxe argued for Israel’s restoration based upon his Calvinism
and Covenant Theology.38<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Two great giants of their era were Thomas Brightman
(1552–1607), (likely a Postmillennialist) and Premillennialist Joseph Mede
(1586–1638) who both wrote boldly of a future restoration of Israel.
Brightman’s work, Revelation of the Revelation appeared in 1609 and told “how
the Jews will return from the areas North and East of Palestine to Jerusalem
and how the Holy Land and the Jewish Christian church will become the centre of
a Christian world.”39<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Brightman wrote:
“What, shall they return to Jerusalem again? There is nothing more certain; the
prophets do everywhere confirm it.”40<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Joseph Mede’s contribution was released in 1627 in Latin42
and in 1642 in English as The Key of the Revelation. 43 The father of English
premillennialism was also an ardent advocate of Jewish restoration to their
homeland. Following Mede in many ways, Thomas Goodwin (1600–1680) also saw the
Jews one day returning to Israel. In An Exposition of the Book of Revelation
(1639), he taught that the Jews would be converted to Christ by 1656.44
Momentum was certainly building toward widespread acceptance of English belief
in Jewish restoration, but a few bumps in the road still lay ahead. Giles
Fletcher (1549–1611), a fellow at King’s College, Cambridge and Queen
Elizabeth’s ambassador to Russia wrote a work advocating Restorationism.
Fletcher’s book, Israel Redux: or the Restauration of Israel; or the
Restauration of Israel exhibited in two short treatises (shortened title) was
published posthumously by the Puritan divine Samuel Lee in 1677.45 Fletcher
cites a letter in his book from 1606 as he argues for the return of the Jews to
their land.46 Fletcher repeatedly taught the “certainty of their return in
God’s due time.”47 A key proponent for Israel’s future restoration was Henry
Finch (1558-1625) who wrote a seminal work on the subject in 1621, called The
World’s Resurrection or The Calling of the Jewes. A Present to Judah and the
Children of Israel that Ioyned with Him, and to Ioseph (that valiant tribe of
Ephraim) and all the House of Israel that Ioyned with Him. 48 Finch, at the
time of the publication of his book was a member of Parliament and the most
highly respected legal scholars in England at the time…Finch taught that the
biblical “passages which speak of a return of these people to their own land,
their conquest of enemies and their rule of the nations are to be taken
literally, not allegorically as of the Church.”51 King James of England was
offended by Finch’s statement that all nations would become subservient to
national Israel at the time of her restoration.52 Finch and his publisher were
quickly arrested when his book was released by the High Commissioner (a
creation of King James), and examined.53 Finch was striped of his status and
possessions and then died a few years latter. “The doctrine of the restoration
of the Jews continued to be expounded in England, evolving according to the
insight of each exponent, and finally playing a role in Christian Zionistic
activities in the latter part of the nineteenth and in the first of the
twentieth centuries.”54 Many Puritans of the seventeenth century taught the
restoration of the Jews to the Holy Land.55 One of the greatest Puritan
theologians in England was John Owen (1616–1683) who wrote, “The Jews shall be
gathered from all parts of the earth where they are scattered, and brought home
into their homeland.”56<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">There were a number of Restorationists in Holland during the
time of the Puritan movement. Isaac de la Peyrere (1594–1676), who served as
the French Ambassador to Denmark, “wrote a book wherein he argued for a
restoration of the Jews to Israel without conversion to Christianity.”59 In
1655, Paul Felgenhauever, wrote Good News for Israel in which he taught that
there would be the “permanent return of the Jews to their own country eternally
bestowed upon them by God through the unqualified promise to Abraham, Isaac and
Jacob.”60 The Dane, Holger Paulli (1644–1714) “believed wholeheartedly in the
Jewish Return to the Holy Land, as a condition for the Second Coming.”61 He
even “lobbied the kings of Denmark, England, and France to go and conquer
Palestine from the Ottomans in order that the Jews could regain their
nation.”62 Frenchman, Marquis de Langallerie (1656–1717), schemed with the
Turkish Ambassador in the Hague on a plan defeat the Pope and trade the papal empire
for a return of the Jews to the Holy Land. Langallerie was arrested in Hamburg,
tried and convicted of high treason and died in prison a year later.63 Other
European Restorationists of the era include: Isaac Vossius, Hugo Grotius,
Gerhard John Vossius, David Blondel, Vasover Powel, Joseph Eyre, Edward
Whitaker, and Charles Jerran.64 The mid-1600s witnessed “the sudden explosion
of millenarian publications,”65 which predisposed the British to also consider
the future fate of the Jews in the holy land. James Saddington lists the
following seventeenth century English individuals as holding to Restorationist
views: John Milton, John Bunyan, Roger Williams, John Sadler and Oliver
Cromwell.66 “The doctrine of the restoration of the Jews continued to be expounded
in England, evolving according to the insight of each exponent,” concludes
Ehle, “and finally playing a role in Christian Zionistic activities in the
latter part of the nineteenth and in the first of the twentieth centuries.”67<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Perhaps the most influential of the early Puritan ministers
in New England was John Cotton, who, following the postmillennialism of
Brightman held to the restoration of the Jews to the Holy Land.68 According to
Ehle, in addition to John Cotton (1584–1652), early Restorationists included:
John Davenport (1597–1670), William Hooke (1601–1678), John Eliot (1604–1690),
Samuel Willard (1640–1707), and Samuel Sewall (1652–1730).69 Ephraim Huit, a
Cambridge trained early minister in Windsor, Connecticut believed that the Jews
would be regathered to their homeland in 1650.70 One of the standout advocates
of the restoration doctrine was Increase Mather (1639–1723), the son of Richard
and father of Cotton. Increase Mather wrote over 100 books in his life and was
a president of Harvard. His first work was The Mystery of Israel’s Salvation,
which went through about a half dozen revisions during his life.71 His support
of the national restoration of Israel to her land in the future was typical of
American Colonial Puritans and was generally widespread.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">President John Quincy Adams expressed his desire that “the
Jews again [were] in Judea, an independent Nation, . . . once restored to an
independent government and no longer persecuted.”74 President Abraham Lincoln
in a meeting with Canadian Christian Zionist, Henry W. Monk, in 1863 said,
“Restoring the Jews to their homeland is a noble dream shared by many
Americans. He (the Jewish chiropodist of the President) has so many times ‘put
me on my feet’ that I would have no objection to giving his countrymen a ‘leg
up’.”75<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The wave of premillennialism is what produced in Britain a
crop of Christian Zionists that led to political activism which culminated in
the Balfour Declaration. Anthony Ashley Cooper (1801–1885), later Lord
Shaftesbury…“Oh, pray for the peace of Jerusalem” were the words engraved on a
ring that he always wore on his right hand.84 Since Lord Shaftesbury believed
that the Jews would return to their homeland in conjunction with the second
advent, he “never had a shadow of a doubt that the Jews were to return to their
own land. . . . It was his daily prayer, his daily hope.”85 In 1840, Shaftsbury
was known for coining a slogan that he would often repeat throughout his life,
that the Jews were “a country without nation for a nation without a country.”86
Shaftesbury greatest contribution to the Restoration movement was his attempt
to accomplish something in the political realm in order to provoke England to
develop a policy in favor of returning the Jews to their homeland. He succeeded
in influencing England to adopt that policy, but England failed, at that time
to influence the Turks. In 1838, in an article in the Quarterly Review,
Shaftsbury put forth the view that Palestine could become a British colony of
Jews that “could provide Britain with cotton, silk, herbs, and olive oil.”87
Next, Shaftsbury “lobbied Lord Palmerston, the Foreign Secretary, using
political, financial and economic arguments to convince him to help the Jews
return to Palestine. And Palmerston did so. What was originally the religious
beliefs of Christian Zionists became official British policy (for political
interests) in Palestine and the Middle East by the 1840s.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">While British foreign secretary in 1840, Henry John Temple
Palmerston (1784–1865) wrote the following letter to his ambassador at
Constantinople in his attempt to advocate on behalf of the Jews: There exists
at the present time among the Jews dispersed over Europe, a strong notion that
the time is approaching when their nation is to return to Palestine. . . . It
would be of manifest importance to the Sultan to encourage the Jews to return
and to settle in Palestine because the wealth which they would bring with them
would increase the resources of the Sultan’s dominions; and the Jewish people,
if returning under the sanction and protection and at the invitation of the
Sultan, would be a check upon any future evil designs of Mehemet Ali or his
successor. . . . I have to instruct Your Excellency strongly to recommend [the
Turkish government] to hold out every just encouragement to the Jews of Europe
to return to Palestine.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">One time governor of Australia, Colonel George Gawler
(1796–1869) was one of the most zealous and influential Restorationist, next to
Shaftsbury, in the 1840s.93 “Colonel Gawler was a senior commander at the
Battle of Waterloo.”94 When he returned to England in 1841 he became a strong
advocate of Jewish settlements in the land of Palestine. Gawler’s
Restorationism, like most of his day, was sparked by his religious convictions,
but he argued for Jewish return to their land upon geopolitical grounds. Gawler
stated the following: [England] urgently needs the shortest and safest lines of
communication. . . . Egypt and Syria stand in intimate connection. A foreign
hostile power mighty in either would soon endanger British trade . . . and it
is now for England to set her hand to the renovation of Syria through the only
people whose energies will be extensively and permanently in the work—the real
children of the soil, the sons of Israel.95 Working with Sir Moses Montefiore
(a British Jew) Gawler provided an agricultural strategy for Jewish
resettlement of the Holy Land. One of these Montefiore-Gawler projects resulted
in “the planting of an orange grove near Jaffa, still existent today and known
as Tel Aviv’s ‘Montefiore Quarter.’”96 Charles Henry Churchill (1814–1877), an
ancestor of Winston Churchill, was a British military officer stationed in
Damascus in 1840. “He was a Christian Zionist and he supported the Jews against
the non-Zionist Christians of Damascus.”97 It was through his efforts that he
helped acquit the Jews accused of the infamous charge of blood libel. Col.
Churchill was honored a banquet hosted by a grateful Jewish community where he
spoke of the “hour of liberation of Israel . . . that was approaching, when the
Jewish Nation would once again take its place among the powers of the world.”98
In a letter to Jewish philanthropist Sir Moses Montefiore (1784–1885), dated
June 14, 1841, Churchill said, I cannot conceal from you my most anxious desire
to see your countrymen endeavor once more to resume their existence as a
people. I consider the object to be perfectly obtainable. But two things are
indispensably necessary: Firstly that the Jews themselves will take up the
matter, universally and unanimously. Secondly that the European powers will aid
them in their views.99<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Laurence Oliphant (1829–1888) was an evangelical “British
Protestant, an officer in the British Foreign Service, a writer, world-traveler
and an unofficial diplomat.”103 Oliphant was passionate about the Jewish
Restoration to their land that came from his intense religious convictions,
which “he tried to conceal them behind arguments based on strategy and
politics.”104 In 1880 he published a book, The Land of Gilead, “proposing Jewish
resettlement, under Turkish sovereignty and British protection, of Palestine
east of the Jordan.”105 Even then, he foresaw the agricultural potential and
the possibilities of developing the resources of the Dead Sea.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A German Lutheran, C. F. Zimpel, who “described himself as
Doctor et Philosopiae, member of the Grand Ducal Saxon Society for Mineralogy
and Geognosy at Jena,” published pamphlets in the mid-1800s entitled
“Israelites in Jerusalem” and “Appeal to all Christendom, as well as to the
Jews, for the Liberation of Jerusalem.”123<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Frenchman, Charles-Joseph Prince de Ligne (1735–1814)
advocated Jewish Restorationism. He called upon the Christians of Europe to
lobby the Turkish Sultan so that the Jews could return to their homeland. De
Ligne’s appeal was used by Napoleon in his efforts to establish a Jewish
homeland in Palestine. “Among those French Restorationists were theologians and
authors, but also, increasingly, politicians.”125 Some of them included Ernest
Laharanne, Alexandre Dumas, and Jean-Henri Dunant (1828–1910), who was also the
rounder of the International Red Cross.126 Restoration proposals were put forth
by a number of Europeans in the nineteenth century. A Swiss theologian named
Samuel Louis Gaussen who wrote a book advocating a Jewish return to their land
in 1844.127 Italian, Benedetto Musolino (1809–1885) wrote a book, after a visit
to the Holy Land, in which he argued “that the restoration of the Jews would
allow European culture into the Middle East.”</p></blockquote><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal">^</p><span style="font-family: georgia;"></span><p></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-87416472785127070292023-04-24T10:37:00.003+03:002023-04-24T10:37:21.297+03:00An Appreciation of Jabotinsky<p> <span style="font-family: georgia;">From <a href="https://xn--80alhdjhdcxhy5hl.xn--p1ai/content/uroki-zhabotinskogo">this appreciation of Ze'ev Jabotinsky</a> of Vladimir Frenkel:</span></p><p></p><blockquote><p>"Jabotinsky:</p><p>“We have nothing to apologize for. We are a people, like all peoples; we have no pretensions to be better. As one of the first conditions for equality, we demand that we recognize the right to have our scoundrels, just like other peoples have them.</p><p>This is from the article "Instead of Apology", written back in 1911. It is clear that there is not a word about the future Jewish state. Of course, Jabotinsky does not “dream” about his own criminals - he simply recognizes the possibility of their presence in his people, as in any other people, and does not consider that this is a tragedy, that it is necessary to justify himself to someone because of this. In fact, the article was devoted to the "Beilis case" and the "blood libel", but its problems are much broader, and therefore it is interesting and relevant for us now.</p><p>Jabotinsky raises the question: why, in fact, do we Jews behave so strangely? He writes:</p><p>“For several years now, Jews in Russia have been sitting tightly in the dock. It's not their fault. But here's what is undeniably their fault: they behave like defendants. We make excuses all the time. […] Tell me, friends, aren't you tired of this rigmarole yet? […] Who are we to justify ourselves before them, who are they to interrogate us? What is the point in all this comedy of the trial of an entire people, where the verdict is known in advance? With what joy should we willingly participate in this comedy, consecrate the vile procedure of mockery with our defensive speeches? Our defense is useless and hopeless, the enemies will not believe, the indifferent will not listen. Apologies have outlived their time.</p><p>It is useful to re-read Jabotinsky. It's like it's written now. Helpful and sad. For the same reason. And it’s not so much that the world has not changed in relation to the Jews: they are still judging a whole nation, now a whole state, they are no longer judging in a figurative sense, but for real - shamelessness has gone so far . But that's not the point. This was to be expected. The fact is that the Jews themselves have not changed. Jabotinsky wrote that instead of excuses, at least contempt is necessary. Otherwise, disaster cannot be avoided.</p><p>“Our habit of constantly and diligently reporting to all sorts of rabble has already brought us great harm and will bring even more.”</p><p>Now the Jews have a state. But the habit remained. I would still formulate this habit differently: an irrepressible and stupid desire to appear before the whole world as “good” and the fear of being branded as “bad”. It has become commonplace to say that Israel does almost no explanatory work in the world media, that we lost the information war without even starting it. Which, in general, is true. Less indisputable is the assertion that it is precisely this, i.e. ignorance, and explains the hostile attitude towards Israel in European countries. But let's not be naive.</p><p>An adult is quite capable of distinguishing terror from defense, bandits from soldiers and even more so from civilians, rioters from demonstrators. If he can't , then he doesn't want to. So is it worth it to "explain" something?</p><p>The trouble is that when the Jews nevertheless begin to explain something, they still, as in the days of Jabotinsky, not so much explain as justify themselves: no, we are not Nazis, no, we do not have Auschwitz. What the hell! When a person speaks vile things against Israel, he does it not from “ignorance”, but from the fact that he wants to say an abomination, i.e. from hate. “They don’t like us not because all sorts of accusations have been leveled at us: they are accusing us because they don’t like us,” this idea clearly formulated by Jabotinsky should become the standard of our attitude towards everyone who likes to loosen their tongues, whether they are public figures, foreign ministers or conscienceless Nobel laureates.</p><p>Do not make excuses where you need to use power: in the time of Jabotinsky we did not yet have such an opportunity. What kind of power? Well, at least personally ban these gentlemen from entering Israel until the end of their lives. It won't make them any better, but at least others will hold their tongues. But no, we cannot do that, we are humanists, i.e., as Jabotinsky wrote, we curry favor with all sorts of rabble.</p><p>Here is Jabotinsky's first lesson: the woeful realization that the Jewish people lack an elementary sense of their own dignity. Of course, one can understand that the irresistible desire to appear "good" in front of the whole world was established among the Jews in the Diaspora, during the centuries when Jews everywhere and everywhere were in the minority, hated and often persecuted. It's like that. But the sad thing is that the same psychology has been preserved in their recreated country, and not even among the repatriates, but among the native Israelis.</p><p>Here the leader of some Islamic country (yes, already Islamic, although not so long ago - secular), with which Israel has diplomatic relations, does nothing but insult Israel. But what about Israel? But nothing - although any other country would at least recall its ambassador "for consultations."</p><p>So sometimes you think that if it is easier to take a girl out of a village than a village out of a girl, then it is just as easier to take a Jew out of the galut than the galut psychology - even from his descendants on their own land. Perhaps this psychology - pleasing to everyone - protected the Jews in the Diaspora, at least sometimes, but in its own state it is mortally dangerous. It seems that Jabotinsky foresaw this. And it is precisely for this that he deserved the dislike of his contemporaries, his people.</p><p>But really, why was Jabotinsky so hated by people who were by no means stupid or evil? Why does another name of his evoke an unreasonably nervous reaction even now? If we talk about his views - he was an undoubted liberal of the European persuasion, a supporter of all conceivable rights and freedoms, even, perhaps, a left-wing liberal. He even shared other delusions of his time, say, socialist ones, but at that time it was impossible for a person of the “progressive” camp to have a negative attitude towards socialist ideas. After all, one had to be a professional economist, like Boris Brutskus, in order to see even then the destructiveness of the ideas of socialism precisely for the economy."</p><p>"...“The political naivete of a Jew is fabulous and incredible,” Jabotinsky wrote, “ he does not understand the simple rule that you can never “go forward” to someone who does not want to go towards you.” I suspect that the word "naivety" was used here by Jabotinsky out of intellectual courtesy, it would be better to say - stupidity.</p><p>This is another lesson of Jabotinsky: to see things as they are, without indulging in illusions. It would seem simple, but it is, nevertheless, the most difficult. Whatever Jabotinsky wrote about, he struggled with the Jewish ability to create illusions that drove him to despair and never give them up, even at the cost of national and personal self-humiliation. Illusions that they will love us: we just need to better explain that we are good. Illusions that someone will protect our interests while we protect others, etc.</p><p>It seems to me that Jabotinsky suspected that there is some kind of hidden vice in the Jewish people, which simply will not allow this people to revive their country and their state. </p></blockquote><p></p><p>^</p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-24184460781324084752023-04-02T21:24:00.007+03:002023-04-02T21:24:42.130+03:00Update on Cordoba: "cultural reductionism"<p><a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/great-mosque-of-cordoba-is-concealing-its-islamic-past-gtmwq28xw"><span style="font-family: georgia;">Spanish Church ‘accused of glossing over Muslim identity of Cordoba’s Great Mosque’</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">February 28 2023, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i></i></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i>The Catholic Church has been accused of glossing over the Muslim identity of the Great Mosque of Cordoba with a visitor centre that emphasises its Christian origins.</i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i>The Church’s planned centre for the mosque, which has served as a cathedral since the Spanish city’s reconquest by Christian forces in 1236, aims to “correct” what it deems to be an overly Islamic vision of the city’s past.</i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i>“The need to redesign the entire space [of the mosque area] derives from the finding that Cordoba is marked with a very powerful cultural label: that of a Muslim city,” said a report by Demetrio Fernandez, the Bishop of Cordoba.</i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i>The mosque has served as a cathedral for hundreds of years and is used for traditional processions at Easter</i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i>“The <u><b>cultural reductionism</b></u> is so strong that it has the capacity to eclipse the brilliant Visigoth, Roman and Christian [periods]..."</i></span></p></blockquote><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><i></i></span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">So, Muslims are engaged in </span><span style="font-family: georgia;"><b style="text-decoration-line: underline;">cultural reductionism</b> of Jerusalem as the </span><span style="font-family: georgia;">c</span><span style="font-family: georgia;">apital of Judea, where the Temple stood on Mount Moriah?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">^</span></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-89533813552232775162023-02-01T09:42:00.009+02:002023-02-01T10:04:29.234+02:00This Took Place In Israel?<p><span style="font-family: georgia;">Reported:</span></p><p></p><blockquote>MORE BLOODSHED IN _____: Following the killing of a _____ woman in _____ yesterday, the _____ rulers of the _____ have embarked upon a fury of vandalism and terrorism against the _____ residents of _____, resulting in the deaths of six men by beating and a 12-year-old girl, _____, who is said to have died of heart failure or nervous collapse when _____ soldiers burst into her family’s house by breaking down the door. A total of 250 people have been killed. Hundreds of people have been arrested and subjected to terrible abuse. Eventually about 50 people aged from 15 to 50 years old were held, to be paraded before 18-year-old _______, the daughter of the murdered _____ woman who was with her mother at the time of the attack, but was herself uninjured. Yesterday, a 17-year-old ______, _____ _____, succumbed to injuries sustained in an attack by _____ soldiers.</blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">No.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;"><a href="https://www.ekathimerini.com/opinion/59959/october-4-1958/">The full story</a>:</span></p><p></p><blockquote>MORE BLOODSHED IN CYPRUS: Following the killing of a British woman in Cyprus yesterday, the British rulers of the island have embarked upon a fury of vandalism and terrorism against the Greek residents of Famagusta, resulting in the deaths of six men by beating and a 12-year-old girl, Ioanna Zachariadi, who is said to have died of heart failure or nervous collapse when British soldiers burst into her family’s house by breaking down the door. A total of 250 people have been killed. Hundreds of people have been arrested and subjected to terrible abuse. Eventually about 50 people aged from 15 to 50 years old were held, to be paraded before 18-year-old Margaret Cutcliffe, the daughter of the murdered British woman who was with her mother at the time of the attack, but was herself uninjured. Yesterday, a 17-year-old Greek Cypriot, Andreas Louka, succumbed to injuries sustained in an attack by British soldiers.</blockquote><p></p><p><span style="font-family: georgia;">October 4, 1958</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYI5-5935u4oc6OqU3WJ1Z1cz38sokuXChsNs51fth3C15zSCc3uR5fKPE21oXuAMrJb5_v2ZiW8ZDN_2I8gU-Mah6aBRV50FsVR3mUBOS3BIMKQPPHOxRQCORQPSN5-L7eAWdJdoryMHEN0-Qj1WdjN-dRML4lfUdggKQuPscr_WzORLEG3M/s495/ut.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="429" data-original-width="495" height="346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYI5-5935u4oc6OqU3WJ1Z1cz38sokuXChsNs51fth3C15zSCc3uR5fKPE21oXuAMrJb5_v2ZiW8ZDN_2I8gU-Mah6aBRV50FsVR3mUBOS3BIMKQPPHOxRQCORQPSN5-L7eAWdJdoryMHEN0-Qj1WdjN-dRML4lfUdggKQuPscr_WzORLEG3M/w400-h346/ut.png" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: georgia;"><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div>But </span><a href="https://cyprus-mail.com/2015/05/31/an-assault-upon-the-people/" style="font-family: georgia;">this</a><span style="font-family: georgia;"> does remind us of Mandate Palestine under British rule - and that they learned nothing from that experience:</span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: times;"></span></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-family: times;">According to declassified documents, EOKA was on the brink of defeat in March 1957 but staged a spectacular recovery by summer the following year, partly due to the repressive measures against the population that made it harder to recruit informers, which in turn produced no usable intelligence.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">It was at that point, July 1958, Britain began its biggest push until then against EOKA with Operation Matchbox – one intelligence report of which is only marked for declassification after 120 years. The operation involved collective punishment with mass arrests, detentions, roadblocks, searches censorship, curfews and general heavy handedness, or what Bell described as “harassment of the Greek population” with a “staggering lack of humanity”.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">EOKA pushed back with a wave of reprisals against the British with 45 killings in October 1958 including a sergeant’s wife, Catherine Cutliffe, who was shot dead in broad daylight near Famagusta on October 3.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">The backlash brought more sledgehammer tactics against the Cypriots and in a number of cases British army discipline completely broke down as enraged soldiers took out their anger on the population.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">Governor Foot had warned against the operation and of its consequences, which had come to pass.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: times;">“I admired the Governor, a humane and decent man with the right instincts; but his motto of ‘firmness with courtesy’ fell on deaf ears,” Bell says. Foot was surrounded by hardliners keener on the firmness than the courtesy. “I stopped making excuses for the methods being used and recognised armed repression when I saw it. It was an assault upon the people.”</span></p></blockquote><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyQZkIOOg6KwMpsz7Gzg3seKcSiSCTw_5Q8ktH_KT4WPhkfD_ErQo6sM-f26n42g13vY7uBnb9rYd7OyMYWvscljiiA6U3NEA8jEUSpmt93D5O6hE3syJv65mdx0Ke6t2gYGDTvftCX0rk8x9_ofiN571UHOou54sfso6lCheFBNOWqt-FgDA/s434/ut1.png" style="font-family: georgia; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="407" data-original-width="434" height="375" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyQZkIOOg6KwMpsz7Gzg3seKcSiSCTw_5Q8ktH_KT4WPhkfD_ErQo6sM-f26n42g13vY7uBnb9rYd7OyMYWvscljiiA6U3NEA8jEUSpmt93D5O6hE3syJv65mdx0Ke6t2gYGDTvftCX0rk8x9_ofiN571UHOou54sfso6lCheFBNOWqt-FgDA/w400-h375/ut1.png" width="400" /></a></div><p> </p><p></p><p>^</p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7014209.post-9805914779957842822023-01-23T13:51:00.003+02:002023-01-23T13:51:11.242+02:00When the 'Right' Had Problems Rallying in Tel Aviv<p>On February 26, 1948, in the evening, the Irgun Tzvai Leumi sought to gather for a rally in support of raisaing funds for jtheir military operations against the Arabs.</p><p>The Hagana would not allow the event to pass quietly and intervened with the result that stun grenades were thrown and fisticuffs broke out.</p><p>Newspaper reports:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs7Udt-ceEicJLo8n0XzHE0pTopdUgwUtLz9QByflw7lbb8aC1B_MJxMFT-T6vixoFPm-jEgKc1CkAKr4uqWhTsqTn_uZfA33t1C7zQDeSLQQV-LZNRv4JrSek3jE7BtZ9VK-CqkufQH5oypoZKjWu_0WsLkL-v38XZLVcNg2Q04hDqDR_Hmg/s570/PPmugrabi.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="570" data-original-width="171" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs7Udt-ceEicJLo8n0XzHE0pTopdUgwUtLz9QByflw7lbb8aC1B_MJxMFT-T6vixoFPm-jEgKc1CkAKr4uqWhTsqTn_uZfA33t1C7zQDeSLQQV-LZNRv4JrSek3jE7BtZ9VK-CqkufQH5oypoZKjWu_0WsLkL-v38XZLVcNg2Q04hDqDR_Hmg/w192-h640/PPmugrabi.png" width="192" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaH17juY5fUyGlP5ONIJQ-rBG5Vg2QumRCrqmSUkn8Ftth-9LubSov6GyBMr1FT-fr566bBOLLVrQFbmu0Swk7pr85zq1fnw0fveEStgU03FtSP244z2DjzBYgyWUpDz4Sta7qP4cZ7dvNsSBGGgM6agjt_ykwYK911A1LxgMb95eYzDrqbpU/s626/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%991.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="626" data-original-width="505" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaH17juY5fUyGlP5ONIJQ-rBG5Vg2QumRCrqmSUkn8Ftth-9LubSov6GyBMr1FT-fr566bBOLLVrQFbmu0Swk7pr85zq1fnw0fveEStgU03FtSP244z2DjzBYgyWUpDz4Sta7qP4cZ7dvNsSBGGgM6agjt_ykwYK911A1LxgMb95eYzDrqbpU/w323-h400/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%991.png" width="323" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJeKkn5FB5AVKc1Ppsg9tvB1WCOkLENNfM5qyB5yp-EbSy43GSfIq4f5idRndkGoDBygG9bPoCoKEz3JiqwBmBKrv0cnAj_K8UfpFXLO_r1lNIbiRFtvwSHpqwvJPnKSp-E7ESPE3xcBz4JlzjJ_jil-l1j9h6WVql3zokMvXwm0Yrib6Mu8E/s623/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%992%20%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="473" data-original-width="623" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJeKkn5FB5AVKc1Ppsg9tvB1WCOkLENNfM5qyB5yp-EbSy43GSfIq4f5idRndkGoDBygG9bPoCoKEz3JiqwBmBKrv0cnAj_K8UfpFXLO_r1lNIbiRFtvwSHpqwvJPnKSp-E7ESPE3xcBz4JlzjJ_jil-l1j9h6WVql3zokMvXwm0Yrib6Mu8E/w400-h304/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%992%20%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-JCi_QRHYUcyCgL9Kj2bW7SOl43lCNZGjFjWwdbn-yGp4mEulHd4zBBWFFPpfM-K6_LRsJ4UrlZnK6rsiGuNc2lCEmOYkDRZslBYlra1zCHlAml3TO7LRElVLt50SqC0mPPU-oiwuL_pUWBhltCqpsQkJiPItvokhB-XjEXRWb2GkuZ1Jtvc/s524/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%A8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="524" data-original-width="437" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-JCi_QRHYUcyCgL9Kj2bW7SOl43lCNZGjFjWwdbn-yGp4mEulHd4zBBWFFPpfM-K6_LRsJ4UrlZnK6rsiGuNc2lCEmOYkDRZslBYlra1zCHlAml3TO7LRElVLt50SqC0mPPU-oiwuL_pUWBhltCqpsQkJiPItvokhB-XjEXRWb2GkuZ1Jtvc/w334-h400/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%A8.png" width="334" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxsyVLz3WS7dcOyzrcTYjn8FNtT6zQA9ThjtVs3Fdc5_OgsMu2YEWt50dPsS5H9wuCNuVVJ_lRlytubV-6mNQIQ-jwyx6Zwx_za9QupuY0k_qWUUksk3PDJ7k2snBH438ZkiiW10g6OGoJt0MZ6w96jTLyEY9t5lYW2dLZ0Zg387Q05vxOER4/s1200/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%94A.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="614" data-original-width="1200" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxsyVLz3WS7dcOyzrcTYjn8FNtT6zQA9ThjtVs3Fdc5_OgsMu2YEWt50dPsS5H9wuCNuVVJ_lRlytubV-6mNQIQ-jwyx6Zwx_za9QupuY0k_qWUUksk3PDJ7k2snBH438ZkiiW10g6OGoJt0MZ6w96jTLyEY9t5lYW2dLZ0Zg387Q05vxOER4/w400-h205/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%94A.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p>^</p><p><br /></p>YMedadhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14333122797414935958noreply@blogger.com0